Efficient production of astaxanthin in Yarrowia lipolytica through metabolic and enzyme engineering
September 2025
Astaxanthin is a natural red carotenoid, commonly used as an additive in the pharmaceutical industry and as a nutritional supplement owing to its notable antioxidant benefits. However, a complex biosynthetic...
EINN: An enzyme-informed neural network guided by an enzyme-constrained genome-scale metabolic model
March 2027
Predicting cellular metabolism from molecular data is a central challenge in systems biology, with direct implications for engineering microbial cell factories. Genome-scale metabolic models (GEMs)...
Advancing our understanding of photosynthesis: discoveries and insights from aquatic plants
January 2027
Aquatic plants inhabit highly dynamic environments characterized by rapid and extreme fluctuations in CO2 availability, light intensity, hydrodynamics, temperature, and pH. These conditions have driven...
Efficient expression of full-length triple-helix recombinant type III collagen in Pichia pastoris
January 2027
Type III collagen (COL3A1) is a significant fibrillar collagen abundant in vascular and cutaneous tissues, playing vital roles in wound healing and tissue repair. The growing demand for COL3A1 in biomedical...
Ribosome engineering enhances genetic code expansion in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
April 2027
Genetic code expansion enables the site-specific installation of noncanonical amino acids (ncAAs) into proteins, but its limited efficiency in eukaryotes remains a major barrier to broader application....
Multi-gene Co-expression systems in E. coli: From single-vector designs to programmable expression platforms
June 2026
Escherichia coli (E. coli) has long served as a versatile workhorse for recombinant protein production. As synthetic biology expands the demand for coordinated expression of multiple genes, co-expression...
Defense-associated reverse transcriptases define an emerging class of noncanonical DNA-writing systems
December 2026
Defense-associated reverse transcriptases (DRTs) are emerging as a mechanistically diverse class of bacterial antiviral enzymes. Rather than acting simply as RNA-to-DNA copying proteins, they generate...
Engineering Rubisco to enhance CO2 utilization
March 2024
Ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco) is a pivotal enzyme that mediates the fixation of CO2. As the most abundant protein on earth, Rubisco has a significant impact on global carbon,...
Biosynthesis of vanillin glucoside in Escherichia coli
April 2027
Vanillin is a widely used flavor compound in the food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical industries. Although microbial biosynthesis offers a green alternative to conventional chemical synthesis, challenges...
Artificial intelligence catalyzes antimicrobial peptide design
February 2027
With broad-spectrum, low resistance, and multifunctional properties, antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are promising therapeutic agents against drug-resistant pathogens, yet their discovery and optimization...
Genome-integrated engineering of Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 enables sustained gut-local biosynthesis of 5-hydroxytryptophan
April 2027
5-Hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP) is a functional precursor of serotonin; however, achieving sustained 5-HTP production in vivo by engineered microbes remains challenging. To address this, we developed a...
Metabolic engineering of Escherichia coli for efficient production of d-phenylglycine
March 2027
d-phenylglycine (D-PHG) is a valuable building block extensively used in the synthesis of β-lactam antibiotics and other high-value pharmaceuticals. However, its conventional chemical production relies...
Ergothioneine biosynthesis: The present state and future prospect
March 2025
Ergothioneine (ERG), a rare natural thio-histidine derivative with potent antioxidant properties and diverse biological functions, is widely utilized in food processing, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals,...
Systematic evaluation of the DNA repair machinery facilitated the development of efficient genome editing tools for the red yeast Rhodotorula toruloides
March 2027
The red yeast Rhodotorula toruloides is a robust lipid producer, and its biotechnology applications have been expanded through genetic engineering based on the non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) pathway....
Engineering genetic elements for microbial protein expression systems: Advances, challenges, applications, and prospects
March 2026
The rising global demand for sustainable protein sources poses critical challenges across food, pharmaceutical, and industrial biotechnology sectors. Microbial expression systems provide scalable and...
DNA storage: The future direction for medical cold data storage
June 2025
DNA storage, characterized by its durability, data density, and cost-effectiveness, is a promising solution for managing the increasing data volumes in healthcare....
Combinatorial metabolic engineering of Mycobacterium neoaurum LY-2 for efficient androstenedione production from phytosterols
April 2027
Androstenedione (AD) is an important precursor for the synthesis of corticosteroids, sex hormones, and other high-value steroid pharmaceuticals. Microbial conversion of phytosterols provides a sustainable...
Hijacking host RNA polymerase for processive in situ mutagenesis
April 2027
Targeted mutagenesis is a crucial tool for in vivo continuous evolution. However, existing methods for long-range targeted mutagenesis in vivo often face limitations such as low efficiency, poor host...
Toward engineered microbial chassis for growth–production balancing
March 2027
The inherent conflict between cellular growth and product synthesis, arising from limited resource allocation and metabolic burden, fundamentally constrains the performance of microbial chassis. Traditional...
System reconstruction of Bacillus licheniformis for efficient expression of alkaline protease
March 2027
Industrial enzymes are widely used in diverse applications, but low productivity limits their further widespread utilization. This research aimed to develop high-performance alkaline protease (AprE)...
Eukaryotic cell-free protein synthesis: Chassis diversification, system engineering, and emerging applications
December 2026
The eukaryotic cell-free protein synthesis (CFPS) system, endowed with intrinsic post-translational modification capabilities and a complex molecular chaperone network, efficiently synthesizes functional...
Strategies and applications for alleviating carbon catabolite repression
April 2027
Carbon catabolite repression (CCR) is a widespread regulatory strategy across diverse microorganisms that prioritises the utilisation of preferred carbon sources. In industrial bioprocesses, however,...
Streptomyces: boost chassis strains for production of invaluable natural products
December 2026
Streptomyces species continue to occupy a pivotal role in natural product biosynthesis, owing to their unparalleled metabolic diversity and genetic adaptability. This review focuses on cutting-edge...
Systems metabolic engineering of Corynebacterium glutamicum for efficient l-tryptophan production
June 2025
Corynebacterium glutamicum is a versatile industrial microorganism for producing various amino acids. However, there have been no reports of well-defined C. glutamicum strains capable of hyperproducing...
Pathway engineering strategies for improved product yield in yeast-based industrial ethanol production
March 2022
Product yield on carbohydrate feedstocks is a key performance indicator for industrial ethanol production with the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. This paper reviews pathway engineering strategies for...