#AI reads Urine# Distinct urinary exosomal microRNAs as biomarkers for differentiating premature ovarian insufficiency and menopause
Published 14 December, 2025
This study aimed to identify non-invasive biomarkers for distinguishing premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) from natural menopause. First, it analyzed urinary exosomes from 11 POI patients and 11 healthy individuals, verifying that the expression of 7 related microRNAs (miRNAs) showed differences. Then, the sample size was expanded to analyze urinary exosomes from 45 premenopausal and 45 postmenopausal women, revealing distinct expression patterns of different miRNAs. Additionally, a mouse model with drug-induced ovarian failure was used to validate the expression changes of these miRNAs and their regulatory relationships with related proteins. Finally, it was determined that four specific miRNAs in urinary exosomes play important roles: one is elevated in both conditions and serves as a general marker of ovarian dysfunction; the other three are decreased in POI but increased in natural menopause, enabling accurate differentiation between the two. The combination of these four miRNAs achieves extremely high diagnostic accuracy, and it was also confirmed that these miRNAs affect ovarian function by regulating proteins related to cell apoptosis. This study lays a foundation for the subsequent development of relevant diagnostic tools and even therapeutic regimens, but further large-scale research verification is still needed before it can be applied in clinical practice.
J Ovarian Res. 2025 Nov 17;18(1):263. doi: 10.1186/s13048-025-01823-y.
Youhe Gao
Statement: During the preparation of this work the author(s) used Doubao / AI reading for summarizing the content. After using this tool/service, the author(s) reviewed and edited the content as needed and take(s) full responsibility for the content of the published article.
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