#AI reads Urine# Hypohydration Augments the Acute Increase in Urinary Biomarkers of Kidney Injury Following the 100-mile Western States Endurance Run
Published 23 October, 2025
The article focuses on participants of the 2023 Western States Endurance Run (WSER), a 100-mile ultramarathon, to explore the impact of ultra-endurance running on urinary biomarkers of acute kidney injury (AKI) and renal blood flow, while also analyzing the effects of race pace and hydration status. The study collected blood and urine samples from 36 participants (29 males and 7 females) before and after the race, and evaluated relevant indicators through various detection methods. It was found that the levels of urinary AKI biomarkers (such as nephrin, IGFBP7, IGFBP7•TIMP2, etc.) increased after the race, with only 8 participants remaining euhydrated post-race. Those who maintained good hydration status could mitigate the increases in urinary creatinine and creatinine-indexed IGFBP7•TIMP2. Faster race pace was associated with elevated urine specific gravity (USG) and urinary creatinine, but had no significant correlation with creatinine-indexed AKI biomarkers. Additionally, renal blood velocity and conductance remained unchanged. The study ultimately concluded that urinary AKI biomarkers increase after ultramarathon running, and maintaining euhydration may reduce the risk of such transient kidney injury. It also pointed out the limitations of the study, such as those related to the field setting and sample timing.
J Appl Physiol (1985). 2025 Oct 20. doi: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00289.2025.
Youhe Gao
Statement: During the preparation of this work the author(s) used Doubao / AI reading for summarizing the content. After using this tool/service, the author(s) reviewed and edited the content as needed and take(s) full responsibility for the content of the published article.
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