Neurobiomarkers of psychiatric disorders in children and adolescents and their significance for diagnosis and precision medicine: A narrative review
June 2025
The application of neurobiomarkers in the diagnosis and treatment of psychiatric disorders has garnered significant attention. However, due to the genetic and biological complexity of psychiatric disorders,...
Blood biomarkers for clinical applications in Alzheimer's disease: A narrative review
June 2025
Alzheimer's disease is a prevalent neurodegenerative disorder that imposes a significant burden on both patients and society. Currently, the primary methods for diagnosing Alzheimer’s disease include...
Pathophysiology and markers of very early classic Guillain-Barré syndrome
September 2024
Guillain-Barré syndrome is a rare neurological disorder characterized by the body's immune system mistakenly attacking the peripheral nerves. This condition often follows an infection and can lead to...
The role of machine learning in discovering biomarkers and predicting treatment strategies for neurodegenerative diseases: A narrative review
March 2025
Machine learning in the field of computational intelligence continues to increase significantly and shows potential in the identification, management, treatment, and monitoring of complex diseases,...
Early detection of autism with the help of biomarkers: A narrative review
September 2025
Autism spectrum disorder is a neurodevelopmental disorder with symptoms that vary significantly in individuals. The main manifestations include difficulties in social interactions, communication disorders,...
Biomarkers in autoimmune myasthenia gravis: A narrative review
September 2025
Myasthenia gravis is a heterogeneous, autoimmune disease of the neuromuscular junction, characterized by fatigable muscle weakness. Early diagnosis is critical to initiate immunotherapy for the disease,...
Optimizing Alzheimer's diagnosis and precision medicine: A narrative review unlocking the potential of multiomics markers
September 2025
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a complex neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive cognitive and functional decline, with significant societal and economic consequences. Its differential...
Role of the amygdala and possible biomarkers in psychiatric disorders
March 2025
In the early 1800s, the "cerebral amygdala" was described as an almond-shaped structure within the temporal lobe. A century later, the role of amygdala in modulating behavior became evident, specifically...
Apolipoprotein E genotype as a biomarker in late-onset Alzheimer’s disease: A narrative review of the influence of genetic factors on molecular structure
September 2025
Late-onset Alzheimer's disease is the leading cause of dementia in the elderly. The pathophysiology of the disease is complex and its pathogenesis remains to be elucidated. This review addresses the...
Glial fibrillary acidic protein as a biomarker for diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease in cerebrospinal fluid, plasma and saliva measured with Lumipulse technology: a narrative review
March 2025
Glial fibrillary acidic protein is an intermediate filament protein released primarily by astrocytes in the central nervous system, providing structural and functional support to neurons. Glial fibrillary...
Role of gut-microbiome-brain axis in neurodegenerative diseases: A narrative review of mechanisms, therapeutics, and emerging perspectives
September 2025
The gut–microbiota–brain axis represents a complex bidirectional communication system linking intestinal microbes and their metabolites with the central nervous system. Growing evidence suggests that...
Artificial intelligence-driven radiological biomarkers: A narrative review of artificial intelligence in meningioma diagnosis
March 2025
Meningiomas, the most common primary intracranial tumors, present unique challenges in diagnosis and management due to their diverse behaviors and potential for recurrence. Recent advances in artificial...
Imaging biomarkers for the diagnosis of corticobasal ganglia syndrome: DaTSCAN and [18F]FDG PET
September 2025
Corticobasal syndrome is a complex neurodegenerative disorder with clinical features that overlap with other Parkinsonian syndromes, posing significant diagnostic challenges. Biomarkers are essential...
The value of ITGA and ITGB superfamily genes as biomarkers for the early diagnosis and prognosis of gliomas: A retrospective observational study based on the GEPIA and CGGA databases
June 2025
Glioma is one of the most common primary malignant tumors of the central nervous system, with a poor prognosis and easy recurrence after surgery. Exploring potential biomarkers is highly important for...
The role of fusion proteins as biomarkers and therapeutic agents for Alzheimer's disease: A narrative review
June 2025
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the accumulation of misfolded amyloid-beta and tau proteins in the brain, which causes memory and cognitive functions...
Grip force variability and deep learning: A cross-sectional study of a novel biomarker for early detection of Parkinson's disease
September 2025
Accurately distinguishing Parkinson’s disease (PD) from healthy aging remains challenging, especially using noninvasive methods. When analyzed with advanced computational methods, grip force variability...
Misdiagnoses of psychiatric disorders and the utility of diagnostic microRNA biomarkers
September 2024
Due to overlapping symptoms and similarities with other illnesses, misdiagnosis and inappropriate treatment of psychiatric disorders frequently occur. Objective laboratory-based biomarkers that can...
Therapeutic applications and strategies of neurobiomarkers in neurological disorders: A narrative review
December 2025
Neurological disorders (e.g., glioma, Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease) have long plagued clinicians due to their complex pathological mechanisms and therapeutic limitations. In recent years,...
Identifying Alzheimer's disease-associated genes related to N6-methyladenosine modification as potential biomarkers through correlation analysis: A retrospective observational study
March 2025
Alzheimer's disease is a prevalent neurodegenerative disorder characterized by cognitive deficits and abnormal neurological activity. Recent evidence suggests that the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease...
Identification of novel biomarkers and immune characteristics of spinal cord injury based on comprehensive bioinformatic analysis: A retrospective observational study
June 2025
The exact mechanisms underlying spinal cord injury are not fully understood, and effective treatments are scarce. Therefore, there is an urgent need to identify novel biomarkers that can guide therapy...
Neurogenesis markers in brain aging and their serotonergic modulation by physical exercise: A narrative review
December 2025
Adult hippocampal neurogenesis is a continuous process of generating new neurons from neural stem cells, occurring in specific brain regions such as the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus. This process...
Fractal dimension reveals cellular morphological changes as early biomarkers in neurodegenerative diseases: A narrative review
September 2025
Fractal dimension has emerged as a powerful tool for capturing structural irregularities and self-similar patterns in biological tissues, providing crucial insights beyond traditional morphological...
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors as biomarkers in cerebrovascular diseases: A narrative review
March 2025
Cerebrovascular disease, a critical global health challenge, profoundly affects the quality and longevity of human life due to its alarmingly high incidence, disability, mortality, recurrence rate,...
MicroRNAs as potential biomarkers for diagnosis of major depressive disorder and influence of antidepressant treatment
September 2024
We performed a PubMed search for microRNA biomarkers in major depressive disorder (MDD) and found 25 original research articles on studies performed with human patients and published January 2019 to...
BCL2 interacting protein 3 as a potential biomarker for Alzheimer’s disease: an observational study
September 2024
As important organelles for energy production, mitochondria exhibit dysfunction as an early hallmark of Alzheimer’s disease, potentially leading to cell death and impaired brain function. The mitophagy...