Progress on additive manufacturing technology of solid propellants
June 2025
The application of Additive Manufacturing (AM) in the production of solid propellants presents new opportunities to enhance the propulsion performance of rockets, missiles, and space launch vehicles....
Ageing studies on AP/HTPB based composites solid propellants
June 2021
Components of solid rocket motor that are susceptible to ageing are propellant, insulator, inhibitor, interfaces, igniter system, and seals. Seals, insulator, ignition systems are replaceable but the...
Chemical reaction mechanisms and models of energetic materials: A perspective
March 2025
Energetic materials (EMs) are a kind of metastable functional materials with certain potential barriers, overcoming which can quickly release the energy stored in EMs. A thorough understanding of reaction...
Stabilizer selection and formulation strategies for enhanced stability of single base nitrocellulose propellants: A review
March 2024
Stabilizers play a crucial role in preventing undesirable decomposition and degradation reactions of propellants, thus ensuring their long-term performance and safe storage. This review highlights recent...
Advancements in methodologies and techniques for the synthesis of energetic materials: A review
June 2024
Recent years have witnessed significant advancements in methodologies and techniques for the synthesis of energetic materials, which are expected to shape future manufacturing and applications. Techniques...
A high density and low sensitivity carrier explosive promising to replace TNT: 3-Bromo-5-fluoro-2,4,6-trinitroanisole
June 2024
To address the issues of high saturated vapor pressure, high toxicity, and high viscosity of TNT, this article used a chemical method to synthesize a new carrier explosive BFTNAN. The prepared samples...
Machine learning-guided property prediction of energetic materials: Recent advances, challenges, and perspectives
September 2022
Predicting chemical properties is one of the most important applications of machine learning. In recent years, the prediction of the properties of energetic materials using machine learning has been...
Successful development of HAN based green propellant
September 2021
Research and development of Hydroxyl Ammonium Nitrate based liquid propellant; SHP-163 is reviewed. Starting from the composition selection of the propellant to the development of 1 N thruster of Green...
[2+2] and [2+1] cycloaddition of myrcene for synthesis of highly strained bio-fuels with high density and high impulse
March 2025
Developing bio-fuels provides a sustainable strategy to reduce the dependence on finite fossil fuels. But biomass-based fuel molecules usually lack strained structure, resulting in undesirable density...
Synthesis and characterization of amphoteric salts and azo-bridged heat-resistant explosives with a 1,2,4-triazole framework
March 2025
The formation of anions and cations from amphoteric compounds is an effective method to adjust the properties of amphoteric energetic materials, but there are few reports in the field of energetic materials....
Nitrogen-rich tetracyclic-based heterocyclic energetic materials
June 2023
This review provides numerous studies on nitrogen-rich tetracyclic-based heterocyclic energetic materials including oxadiazole, tetrazole, triazole, pyrazole, imidazole and tetrazine. The article mainly...
Polymeric nitrogen: A review of experimental synthesis method, structure properties and lattice dynamic characterization from large scientific facilities and extreme spectroscopy perspectives
September 2023
Single-bonded polymeric nitrogen (PN) synthesized under high pressure was highly delivered for its valuable application prospects on high-energy-density materials (HEDM) and profound effects for understanding...
Three-dimensional printing of energetic materials: A review
June 2022
Additive manufacturing technology or three-dimensional (3D) printing has been applied in many manufacture fields. The combination of 3D printing and conventional energetic material fields can create...
Standardizing differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) thermal decomposition temperatures at various heating rates of an energetic material as a threshold one
June 2025
Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) test is capable of providing comprehensive data of peak temperature (Tp, K) and onset temperature (To, K) at various heating rates (β) and widely applied in the...
Tuning thermal stability and mechanical sensitivity of polynitro compounds via integrating energetic ionic salts
March 2025
Polynitro energetic compounds are a class of oxidant-rich energetic materials, playing a significant role in the field of solid propellants. Generally, an increase in the number of nitro groups present...
Vicinal combination of N—NH2 and C—NO2 benefitting for low sensitivity and high energy azole molecules: A strategy developed from isomerization
March 2025
It is nowadays challenging to create low sensitivity and high energy molecules (LSHEMs), largely restricted by the high complexity and difficult interpretation of composition-structure-property relationships...
Solubility behaviour of CL-20 and HMX in organic solvents and solvates of CL-20
March 2021
2,4,6,8,10,12-Hexanitro-2,4,6,8,10,12-hexaazaisowurtzitane (CL-20) and 1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazoctane (HMX) are promising cocrystal coformers, but only little solubility data are available....
Atomistic mechanism underlying shock-induced phase transition in HfNbTaTiZr energetic high-entropy alloy
March 2025
Energetic high-entropy alloys (HEAs), known for their exceptional mechanical properties and high energy density attributes, have attracted significant attention in energetic structure materials. However,...
Shock response in cage-like polynitrocubane high-energy-density materials: Competition between strain energy and structural symmetry
June 2025
The cage-like structures provide a unique combination of strain energy for enhanced energy storage and hyperstatic constraints to stabilize the system, positioning them as promising pioneers in advancing...
Targeted nano-energetic material exploration through active learning algorithm implementation
March 2025
This paper presents an active learning-based method designed to guide experiments towards user-defined specific regions, termed ”regions of interest,” within vast and multi-dimensional thermite design...
Technologies for room-temperature self-healing polymer materials and their applications in energetic materials
June 2024
Energetic materials are the energy materials used by weaponry to accomplish launch, propulsion, and destruction. However, during manufacture, storage and use, they may be damaged and form microcracks...
Review on the laser-induced performance of photothermal materials for ignition application
September 2021
Laser ignition has been widely studied, and is regarded as a potential initiation technique in pyrotechnics owing to its simple ignition sequence, good safety, high ignition consistency, and strong...
Atmosphere effects on 1,3,5-triamino-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene (TATB) nanoparticle pyrolysis: A ReaxFF molecular dynamics study
March 2025
1,3,5-Triamino-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene (TATB), an insensitive explosive, is exposed to the atmosphere during manufacture, storage and use, which can lead to changes in energy and sensitivity, particularly...
Nitropyrazole energetic compounds functionalized with dinitroethyl, trinitromethyl, or oxadiazolyl group: Synthesis, structure and energetic performance
Available online 24 May 2025
Pyrazole derivatives with polynitro groups were extensively researched in energetic material field as they show high energy density and excellent detonation properties, but the specific synthesis process...
Quantum chemistry modeling of the unimolecular decomposition mechanism and substituent effects of pyrazolo-tetrazine: A case study of BITE-101
March 2025
4-amino-7,8-dinitropyrazolo-[5,1-d][1,2,3,5]-tetrazine 2-oxide (BITE-101) outperforms the benchmark explosive HMX in all aspects, showing application prospects as a new generation of high energy density...