Clinical practice guidelines for postoperative pain management in adults (2024 edition)
September 2025
Acute pain differs in many aspects from chronic pain states and can arise from various etiologies. Recent years have seen advancements in postoperative acute pain management, which is a critical component...
Clinical practice guidelines for the prevention and management of postoperative nausea and vomiting (2025 edition)
December 2025
Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is a common postoperative complication that substantially influences patient recovery and healthcare quality. To further standardize PONV management in China,...
Intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring (IONM) in neurosurgery: A critical appraisal of established practices, ongoing controversies, and future trajectories
June 2026
Intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring (IONM) has evolved from a novel technique into an evidence-based standard treatment method for high-risk neurosurgical and spinal surgeries. Its effectiveness...
Postoperative Sore Throat After General Anesthesia: A Narrative Review
2023
Endotracheal intubation is a common operation that provides effective mechanical ventilation under general anesthesia. Additionally, it may limit aspiration of upper airway content to the lower airways....
Tips and pearls for peripherals nerve blocks for foot surgery: A pictorial essay
September 2026
Ultrasound-guided regional anesthesia of the ankle and distal lower extremity is widely used for surgical anesthesia and postoperative analgesia. Success depends on a detailed understanding of nerve...
A narrative review on multimodal spinal anesthesia: Old technique and new use
March 2025
Spinal anesthesia has a long history in providing safe and effective anesthesia and analgesia. Its continuous evolution in block placement techniques with or without ultrasound assistance, options of...
Advances in biomarkers for myocardial injury after non-cardiac surgery
March 2026
Myocardial injury after non-cardiac surgery (MINS) is a common and clinically important postoperative complication associated with increased short- and long-term mortality. As most cases lack typical...
The environmental effects of anesthetic agents and anesthesia practices
December 2024
Anesthesia is a critical domain with considerable capacity to reduce the carbon footprint of healthcare on the environment, particularly in terms of climate change. Volatile anesthetics are halogenated...
Remimazolam in anesthesia and sedation: A narrative review
September 2025
Remimazolam, an innovative sedative, provides a rapid onset and quick recovery by being rapidly hydrolyzed into pharmacologically inactive CNS7054 via ubiquitous nonspecific esterases. Its pharmacokinetic...
What is new in cardiac anesthesia in 2024?
June 2025
Recent advances in cardiac anesthesia have led to improved patient care and safety. In 2024, there is a growing focus on patient-centered approaches aimed at improving overall outcomes. This includes...
Anesthesia for fetal interventions: Caring for mother and fetus prior to birth
March 2025
Fetal surgery is an expanding domain in which the developing fetus receives therapeutic interventions aimed at reducing mortality and/or morbidity. It presents unique challenges to the anesthesiologist,...
Anxiety and depression in non-cardiac surgical patients and associations with adverse outcomes: A systematic review and meta-analysis
December 2025
Mental health disorders such as anxiety and depression are associated with advanced disease at presentation, reduced treatment uptake, and worse postoperative outcomes. Despite this, preoperative screening...
Hoarseness after general endotracheal anesthesia: A single-center retrospective analysis
June 2024
After the extubation of endotracheal tubes or removal of laryngeal masks in patients who underwent general anesthesia, complications such as hoarseness often occur, potentially leading to serious adverse...
Practice advisory on the management of the perioperative period of scoliosis correction surgery
September 2025
Scoliosis correction surgery is a complex procedure aimed at rectifying the spinal lateral curvature and rotation. Perioperative anesthetic management is a critical determinant of both surgical success...
Perfluorocarbon-based oxygen carriers: What is new in 2024?
March 2024
Perflurocarbon-based oxygen carriers (PBOC) represent a major category of artificial oxygen therapeutics. Since their initial report of potential oxygen-carrying capability half a century ago, some...
The application value of frailty assessment tools in the perioperative period: A narrative review
June 2026
Frailty is a clinical syndrome characterized by reduced physiological reserves and multisystem dysfunction, which markedly elevates the risk of postoperative complications and delayed functional recovery,...
Expert consensus on the application of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for perioperative analgesia
September 2026
Although nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) have been widely used in multimodal pain management under the concept of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS), adverse reactions and safety events...
Interventional neuromodulation techniques for cervicogenic headache
March 2025
Cervicogenic headache is a debilitating secondary headache condition that reduces the quality of life for many. Its etiology involves pathologies in one or more of the complex cervical structures, such...
Considerations for regional anaesthesia for the shoulder joint – Beyond the C5-C6 nerve roots
December 2025
Shoulder pain in the perioperative setting remains a significant clinical challenge, with persistent postoperative discomfort reported in up to 22 % of patients following primary shoulder arthroplasty....
From static to dynamic: Artificial intelligence revolution in perioperative care through multimodal data fusion and closed-loop optimization
September 2025
The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into perioperative care represents a paradigmatic transformation from static decision frameworks to dynamic, adaptive systems. This comprehensive review...
Cocktail-style multifunctional resuscitation fluids: Where are we now in 2026?
March 2026
For over half a century, fluid resuscitation has traditionally included crystalloids for volume expansion and colloids for potential oncotic advantage. The paradigm, however, could be shifting now....
Neuroprotective mechanisms of dexmedetomidine in perioperative neurocognitive disorders: From molecular pathways to clinical translation
December 2025
Perioperative neurocognitive disorders (PNDs) are common severe complications observed in elderly patients following surgery, primarily characterized by a decline in postoperative cognitive function...
Promoting brain health in older surgical patients: A pre-post evaluation of an educational module
September 2026
Older surgical patients are at a high risk for perioperative neurocognitive disorders, such as postoperative delirium (POD), yet awareness and engagement in brain health are low. The preoperative period...
Lung Protection of Mechanical Ventilation during Laparoscopic Surgery: A Systematic Review
2022
Mechanical ventilation is a means of life support for patients with acute respiratory failure, and it is also an indispensable technical method for ensuring the safety of patients during general anesthesia....
Prevalence of cognitive impairment in older medical inpatients: A systematic review and meta-analysis
June 2026
Cognitive impairment is common among older adults and is associated with adverse outcomes such as prolonged hospital stays and increased mortality. Many of the medical inpatients subsequently undergo...