Clinical practice guidelines for postoperative pain management in adults (2024 edition)
September 2025
Acute pain differs in many aspects from chronic pain states and can arise from various etiologies. Recent years have seen advancements in postoperative acute pain management, which is a critical component...
Clinical practice guidelines for the prevention and management of postoperative nausea and vomiting (2025 edition)
December 2025
Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is a common postoperative complication that substantially influences patient recovery and healthcare quality. To further standardize PONV management in China,...
Postoperative Sore Throat After General Anesthesia: A Narrative Review
2023
Endotracheal intubation is a common operation that provides effective mechanical ventilation under general anesthesia. Additionally, it may limit aspiration of upper airway content to the lower airways....
Perfluorocarbon-based oxygen carriers: What is new in 2024?
March 2024
Perflurocarbon-based oxygen carriers (PBOC) represent a major category of artificial oxygen therapeutics. Since their initial report of potential oxygen-carrying capability half a century ago, some...
Considerations for regional anaesthesia for the shoulder joint – Beyond the C5-C6 nerve roots
December 2025
Shoulder pain in the perioperative setting remains a significant clinical challenge, with persistent postoperative discomfort reported in up to 22 % of patients following primary shoulder arthroplasty....
The environmental effects of anesthetic agents and anesthesia practices
December 2024
Anesthesia is a critical domain with considerable capacity to reduce the carbon footprint of healthcare on the environment, particularly in terms of climate change. Volatile anesthetics are halogenated...
A narrative review on multimodal spinal anesthesia: Old technique and new use
March 2025
Spinal anesthesia has a long history in providing safe and effective anesthesia and analgesia. Its continuous evolution in block placement techniques with or without ultrasound assistance, options of...
What is new in cardiac anesthesia in 2024?
June 2025
Recent advances in cardiac anesthesia have led to improved patient care and safety. In 2024, there is a growing focus on patient-centered approaches aimed at improving overall outcomes. This includes...
Hoarseness after general endotracheal anesthesia: A single-center retrospective analysis
June 2024
After the extubation of endotracheal tubes or removal of laryngeal masks in patients who underwent general anesthesia, complications such as hoarseness often occur, potentially leading to serious adverse...
Lung Protection of Mechanical Ventilation during Laparoscopic Surgery: A Systematic Review
2022
Mechanical ventilation is a means of life support for patients with acute respiratory failure, and it is also an indispensable technical method for ensuring the safety of patients during general anesthesia....
Ketamine and its two enantiomers in anesthesiology and psychiatry: A historical review and future directions
September 2024
Ketamine, a dissociative anesthetic, is widely utilized in both human and veterinary anesthesia. Its (S)-enantiomer, esketamine, is similarly employed for anesthesia and analgesia. The anesthetic effects...
Remimazolam in anesthesia and sedation: A narrative review
September 2025
Remimazolam, an innovative sedative, provides a rapid onset and quick recovery by being rapidly hydrolyzed into pharmacologically inactive CNS7054 via ubiquitous nonspecific esterases. Its pharmacokinetic...
Case report: Successful reversal of chronic kidney disease by epidural block with lidocaine
September 2024
IgA nephropathy (IgA N) is a leading cause of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and renal failure. However, none of the information regarding the pathogenesis of this disease suggests a curable time-limited...
Anxiety and depression in non-cardiac surgical patients and associations with adverse outcomes: A systematic review and meta-analysis
December 2025
Mental health disorders such as anxiety and depression are associated with advanced disease at presentation, reduced treatment uptake, and worse postoperative outcomes. Despite this, preoperative screening...
From static to dynamic: Artificial intelligence revolution in perioperative care through multimodal data fusion and closed-loop optimization
September 2025
The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into perioperative care represents a paradigmatic transformation from static decision frameworks to dynamic, adaptive systems. This comprehensive review...
Interventional neuromodulation techniques for cervicogenic headache
March 2025
Cervicogenic headache is a debilitating secondary headache condition that reduces the quality of life for many. Its etiology involves pathologies in one or more of the complex cervical structures, such...
Practice advisory on the management of the perioperative period of scoliosis correction surgery
September 2025
Scoliosis correction surgery is a complex procedure aimed at rectifying the spinal lateral curvature and rotation. Perioperative anesthetic management is a critical determinant of both surgical success...
Neuroprotective mechanisms of dexmedetomidine in perioperative neurocognitive disorders: From molecular pathways to clinical translation
December 2025
Perioperative neurocognitive disorders (PNDs) are common severe complications observed in elderly patients following surgery, primarily characterized by a decline in postoperative cognitive function...
Directions for analgesic development
September 2024
Physiological pain represents a protective response to avoid further injury and is helpful for survival. However, pathological pain is a common disease/symptom significantly affecting the quality of...
Mechanism of antidepressant action of ketamine and differences between its two enantiomers
September 2025
Ketamine has been widely used since its discovery, and in addition to its anesthetic effects, in recent years it has been found to exhibit rapid and sustained antidepressant effects in rodent models...
Open lung ventilation with low tidal volumes, staircase recruitment maneuvers, high PEEP and decremental PEEP titration vs ARDSNet in ARDS: A systematic review and meta-analysis
September 2025
The impact of open lung ventilation (OLV) with low tidal volumes (TV), staircase recruitment maneuvers (SRMs), high positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP), and decremental PEEP titration on acute respiratory...
Anesthesia for fetal interventions: Caring for mother and fetus prior to birth
March 2025
Fetal surgery is an expanding domain in which the developing fetus receives therapeutic interventions aimed at reducing mortality and/or morbidity. It presents unique challenges to the anesthesiologist,...
MANF improves cognitive function and attenuates neuroinflammation in APP/PS1 transgenic mice through the TLR4/MYD88/NF-κB signaling pathway
December 2025
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most prevalent neurodegenerative disorder, characterized by progressive cognitive decline, as well as pathological features such as β-amyloid (Aβ) plaque deposition,...
Association between preoperative anemia and postoperative delirium in elderly patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty with combined spinal-epidural anesthesia: A retrospective cohort study
December 2025
The effect of preoperative anemia on postoperative delirium (POD) risk in elderly patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty (THA) with spinal-epidural anesthesia remains unclear. This study aimed to...
Trends in Perioperative Cardiac Output Monitoring Techniques
2022
This article briefly reviewed the currently available techniques and commercially available monitors for the measurement of cardiac output in the management of critically ill patients and perioperative...