Integrating CRISPR/Cas technology with clinical trials: Principles, progress and challenges
December 2025
CRISPR represent a groundbreaking genome-editing technology that has revolutionized genetic modification. This innovative tool offers an unparalleled revolution in the future treatment of genetic disorders,...
Exploring the frontier of oral nanomedicine in colorectal cancer therapy: Folate-targeted 5FU-Nisin-Selenium conjugates and probiotic-rich diets as a novel approach
December 2025
This study aimed to assess the therapeutic potential of nisin, 5-fluorouracil (5FU) and selenium encapsulated in folate-conjugated thiolated chitosan nanoparticles (N/5FU/Se@FTCsNPs), combined with...
Development and preclinical evaluation of a novel FGFR3-targeted antibody-drug conjugate in bladder cancer
December 2025
Given the critical shortage of antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) for bladder cancer (BCa), we developed a novel FGFR3-targeted ADC, LZU-WZLYFG001, composed of a humanized anti-FGFR3 IgG1 monoclonal antibody,...
The strategies and advances of mRNA translation booster
December 2025
The therapeutic efficacy and safety of mRNA-based drugs in immunological and nonimmunological applications are critically dependent on the translated protein yield, which requires precise modulation...
Ginseng-derived exosome-like nanovesicles protect against liver fibrosis by regulating TIMP2 pathways and gut dysbiosis
December 2025
Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MASLD) and alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD) are prevalent chronic liver diseases that can progress to steatohepatitis, fibrosis, cirrhosis,...
Critical quality attributes of lipid nanoparticles and in vivo fate
December 2025
Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) have emerged as versatile carriers for the delivery of genetic medicines and small-molecule drugs, offering desired benefits for therapeutic applications. Optimization of...
Artificial polysaccharide-binding protein mediates co-assembly of nanodrug and probiotics against drug-resistant infectious enteritis
December 2025
Intestinal drug-resistant pathogens, e.g., Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium (S. Tm) and enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (E. coli), frequently cause life-threatening infectious...
A ROS/photo dual-responsive prodrug unimolecular micelle for boosted cancer immunotherapy
December 2025
Integrating photodynamic therapy (PDT) with immunosuppression reversal represents a promising synergistic approach to boost cancer immunotherapy. However, the complicated components and cumbersome preparation...
Hypoxia-responsive hybrid nanoparticles loaded with fingolimod and colistin against multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae with mature biofilm
December 2025
Multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (MDR-KP) is characterized by high mortality and risk of nosocomial transmission, and biofilm constitutes the primary challenge in the treatment of its implant-associated...
Magnetic continuum soft robot-driven precise delivery of prodrug nanoassemblies for gastric cancer chemo-immunotherapy
December 2025
Local precise drug delivery is conducive to improving therapeutic efficacy and minimizing off-target toxicity. Current local delivery approaches are focused mostly on superficial or postoperative tumor...
Biomaterials-mediated sequential drug delivery: Emerging trends for wound healing
December 2025
Wound healing is a series of complex biological events that are tightly coordinated by the body. However, this physiological process is compromised in a pathological setting and underlie conditions...
Extracellular vesicles in cancer immunotherapy: Therapeutic, challenges and clinical progress
October 2025
Cancer is a major global concern due to its high mortality rate. Tumor immunotherapy has revolutionized cancer treatment. However, low response rates and immune-related complications remain challenges....
A self-assembled nano-spray formulation for synergistic therapy of anti-inflammation and skin repair
October 2025
Inflammatory skin disorders (ISDs), characterized by severe inflammation and impaired skin barrier functions, often requires persistent treatment due to chronic and relapsing natures. To address these...
Metal-organic frameworks as therapeutic chameleons: revolutionizing the cancer therapy employing novel nanoarchitectonics
October 2025
Cancer is one of the most complex diseases and the second leading cause of mortality worldwide. Due to its poor prognosis and challenges in diagnosis, eradicating cancer remains highly difficult. The...
Overcoming corneal barriers: Posaconazole loaded cationic surfactant vesicles for enhanced ocular permeability and anti-fungal efficacy
October 2025
Posaconazole (PCZ) is a broad-spectrum anti-fungal drug approved by FDA and currently used off-label for the treatment of fungal keratitis (FK). Although ocular route serves as the most bioavailable...
An erythrocyte membrane-fused plant-derived nanoparticles as a gene therapy vehicle for the treatment of CI/R injury
October 2025
Ischemic stroke is currently the second leading cause of death worldwide, and insufficient endogenous neurogenesis is the greatest cause of post-stroke disability. MicroRNAs have been proven to hold...
Advanced strategies of covalent organic framework nanomedicines in targeting and overcoming biological barriers
October 2025
Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are crystalline and porous materials formed from periodically organized organic molecules bonded covalently to create highly stable architectures. Their mechanical...
Penetrative biomimetic nanovehicle boosts immunotherapy in triple-negative breast cancer via SOS1 blockade
October 2025
Immunotherapy of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is significantly hindered by the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME). Notably, tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), which constitute...
Stealth hemostatic anchors with vWF-driven navigation and plasmin-triggered tranexamic release for hematoma containment in cerebral hemorrhage
October 2025
The high mortality and disability rates associated with spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (sICH) are primarily attributed to secondary injuries caused by hematoma expansion from continuous bleeding...
Bioengineered milk-derived extracellular vesicles implementing high drug loading and membrane integrity for efficient oral drug delivery
October 2025
Milk-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) are promising for oral drug delivery, yet different loading methods exhibit distinct impacts on drug encapsulation and membrane integrity. This study demonstrated...
Celastrol-loaded metal-phenolic nanozymes integrated microneedles with ROS scavenging and anti-inflammatory activities for psoriasis treatment
October 2025
Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease, which seriously affects the physical and mental health of patients. The progression of psoriasis is influenced by the excessive production of reactive...
Macrophage-centered therapy strategies: A promising weapon in cancer immunotherapy
October 2025
Macrophages are critical phagocytes in the immune system, and tumor-infiltrating macrophages can substantially influence the efficacy and prognosis of immunotherapy. Therefore, macrophages may serve...
All-stage targeted therapy for invasive cryptococcosis through interaction between the secretory protein Cig1 and hemin
August 2025
Cryptococcosis, a serious systemic fungal infection caused by Cryptococcus neoformans (C. neoformans) and its variants, poses a significant clinical challenge due to its poor prognosis and severe health...
Dual-responsive and NIR-triggered detachable nanoplatform for integrated thrombolytic and antiplatelet therapy
August 2025
To develop an efficient thrombolytic therapy approach that addresses the limitations of current fibrinolytic drugs, such as short half-life, weak thrombus specificity and poor penetration ability, we...
Enhanced Cerenkov radiation induced photodynamic therapy based on GSH-responsive biomimetic nanoplatform to trigger immunogenic cell death for tumor immunotherapy
August 2025
Cerenkov radiation (CR) can serve as a source of internal light to overcome the limited tissue penetration of external light in conventional photodynamic therapy (PDT). However, insufficient luminescence...