A bi-alkyl-bridge strategy for highly thermally stable tetrazoles via enhanced conjugation
Available online 21 January 2026
In this study, we introduced the “bi-alkyl-bridge” strategy to synthesize a bi-alkyl-bridged cyclotetrazole energetic material. This method improves the stability by introducing an alkyl bridge at the...
Synthesis and properties of a novel cage-like energetic compound 8,8,9,9-tetranitro-2,4,10-trioxaadamantan-6-yl nitrate
Available online 16 January 2026
Oxaadamantane has emerged as a promising parent framework in recent years for designing and synthesizing advanced energetic materials. Herein, a novel cage-like energetic compound, (endo)-8,8,9,9-tetranitro-2,4,10-trioxaadamantan-6-yl...
Corrosion inhibition mechanism and corrosion prediction models of NTO-based PBX against medium carbon steel
Available online 16 January 2026
Polymer-bonded explosive (PBX) systems incorporating 3-nitro-1,2,4-triazol-5-one (NTO) have attracted significant research interest due to their excellent insensitive properties and detonation characteristics....
Electrochemically driving C-C coupling of the pyrimidine ring via C-H activation for constructing the energetic skeleton
Available online 16 January 2026
In recent years, due to the advantages of green and safe electrochemical synthesis, researchers have gradually introduced it into the field of energetic material. However, electrochemistry is mainly...
Sustainable electrosynthesis of energetic materials: Molecular precision to industrial adaptation - progress and limitations
Available online 14 January 2026
Conventional synthesis methods, relying on strong acids and high-temperature conditions, suffer from issues such as high pollution, energy consumption, and safety hazards. However, electrochemical synthesis...
A novel dual-functional EMOFs containing azide ligands: Synergistic enhancement on ignition and combustion properties of boron powders
Available online 13 January 2026
The applications of boron-based (B) fuels in propulsion and weapon systems are hindered by inefficient combustion and harsh ignition conditions of B particles. Dual-functional energetic metal-organic...
Initial reaction pathways of anhydrous hydrazine deflagration: insights from Ab initio molecular dynamics and coupled stimuli experiments
Available online 13 January 2026
Understanding the microscopic mechanisms of anhydrous hydrazine (N2H4) is critical for preventing cascading accidents. In order to elucidate the thermal decomposition behavior and deflagration hazards,...
Synergistic dual dynamic bonds for enhanced self-repair performance in HTPB binders
Available online 10 January 2026
Energetic materials serve as critical energy sources for weapon systems and equipment. During manufacturing and storage processes, microcracks may form in these materials, posing significant safety...
Multi-scale variographic analysis method for mixing quality evaluation of energetic materials based on Raman spectral imaging
Available online 7 January 2026
The characterization of heterogeneity is crucial for defining the quality of energetic compounds and describing the evolution of uniformity during the mixing process of energetic materials. This study...
Automatic detection, segmentation, and characterization of 3-nitro-1,2,4-triazol-5-one (NTO) crystal particles during cooling crystallization using deep learning
Available online 5 January 2026
The complex cooling crystallization process of 3-nitro-1,2,4-triazol-5-one (NTO) directly affects its performance. The introduction of process analysis technology is expected to provide an effective...
Electrocatalytic N=N coupling reaction mechanism on the Ni-based catalysts: A density functional theoretical study
Available online 5 January 2026
Although electrocatalytic synthesis represents a promising frontier in energetic materials (EMs) development, the mechanistic understanding of the underlying catalytic processes remains elusive, posing...
A state-of-the-art review of hydroxylammonium nitrate (HAN)-based gelled propellants
Available online 5 January 2026
This paper presents a systematic review of recent advancements in hydroxylammonium nitrate (HAN)-based gelled propellants, analyzing their advantages and challenges as next-generation green and high-energy...
UV-curing 3D printing of composite energetic materials and its challenges
Available online 5 January 2026
While 3D printing technologies based on various curing methods like thermal curing, photopolymerization, solvent evaporation molding, and melt cooling have been extensively studied in the field of composite...
Exploring the effects of inserting heteroatoms (N, O, S) into 9-heterocyclo[3.3.1]nonane frameworks on the properties of their energetic derivatives
December 2025
Bicyclo[3.3.1]nonane scaffold is a privileged ring system frequently encountered in a variety of cage-like compounds. Exploring the synthesis of bicyclo[3.3.1]nonane is of great significance for the...
Searching for the optimal molar ratio of CL-20/FOX-7 cocrystal via evolutionary algorithm and machine learning
December 2025
In this work, we report the discovery of the most stable cocrystal molar ratio and structure for CL-20/FOX-7 compounds through an innovative workflow integration evolutionary algorithm with machine...
Blocking strategy for metal-azide primary explosives with high EDS safety and detonation ability via fluorinated graphene composite design
December 2025
Several carbon-nanomaterial@metal-azide composites have been achieved to regulate the sensitivity of metal-azide primary explosives. However, the regulation mechanism of carbon nanomaterials on metal-azide...
Effect of carbon nanotubes on thermal decomposition of CL-20 explosive: a molecular dynamics simulation study
December 2025
CNT is a promising candidate that can improve the characteristics of energetic materials as an additive, while its effects on the reaction of the explosives have not yet been fully elucidated. To understand...
Mechanical properties of HTPB propellants: Recent advances and underlying mechanisms
December 2025
Hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene (HTPB)-based composite solid propellants (CSPs) are widely used in solid rocket motors due to their excellent mechanical properties and low cost. This review synthesizes...
Shock-induced thermal stability of compacted cyclotrimethylene trinitramine explosive: Effect of densification and particle size
December 2025
This study investigates the shock-induced heating of compacted cyclotrimethylene trinitramine (RDX) particles. Compared to idealized RDX, compacted samples demonstrate a lower Hugoniot elastic limit...
Combustion synthesis of Cu/CuO-doped porous carbon nitride nanocomposites: rapid preparation of high-performance catalysts for the thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate
December 2025
There is a growing interest in the development of metal-doped carbon nitrides due to their extensive applications in photocatalysis, organocatalysis, electrocatalysis, nanozymes, and biosensing technologies....
Tune overpressure output and distribution characteristic through designing a gradient structured explosive charge
December 2025
The overpressure generated by explosive charges exerts a significant impact in various engineering fields. To regulate the overpressure output and distribution characteristics of explosive charges,...
Region distribution of PTFE/Al-Ti composite jet and its penetration-deflagration damage mechanism for multi-spaced targets
December 2025
The reactive material-metal composite jet has received increasing attention due to the dual penetration-deflagration enhancement effect from high penetration of metal and deflagration reaction of Al...
Electric exploding of graphene-based bridge foils for stable and efficient plasma-driven flyer generators
December 2025
The exploding foil flyer generators are widely used and critical components for the ignition and detonation of explosives. Due to the reactive surface of the metal bridge foils, it is necessary to develop...
Significant enhancement mechanisms of graphene in laser-ignited combustion of B/KNO3/Phenolic resin
December 2025
B/KNO3/Phenolic resin (BPN) is recognized for its high exothermic energy, superior ignition performance, and enhanced safety, qualifying it as an authorized pyrotechnic material for direct-contact configurations...
Quantitatively determining melting properties for energetic compounds via knowledge-infused molecular graphs and interpretable deep learning
December 2025
The melting properties of energetic compounds are critical to their performances, but challenges persist in understanding the molecular features and design strategies that drive these properties. Integrating...