Multi-Scale variographic analysis method for mixing quality evaluation of energetic materials based on Raman spectral imaging
Available online 7 January 2026
The characterization of heterogeneity is crucial for defining the quality of energetic compounds and describing the evolution of uniformity during the mixing process of energetic materials. This study...
Automatic detection, segmentation, and characterization of 3-nitro-1,2,4-triazol-5-one (NTO) crystal particles during cooling crystallization using deep learning
Available online 5 January 2026
The complex cooling crystallization process of 3-nitro-1,2,4-triazol-5-one (NTO) directly affects its performance. The introduction of process analysis technology is expected to provide an effective...
Electrocatalytic N=N coupling reaction mechanism on the Ni-based catalysts: A density functional theoretical study
Available online 5 January 2026
Although electrocatalytic synthesis represents a promising frontier in energetic materials (EMs) development, the mechanistic understanding of the underlying catalytic processes remains elusive, posing...
A state-of-the-art review of hydroxylammonium nitrate (HAN)-based gelled propellants
Available online 5 January 2026
This paper presents a systematic review of recent advancements in hydroxylammonium nitrate (HAN)-based gelled propellants, analyzing their advantages and challenges as next-generation green and high-energy...
UV-curing 3D printing of composite energetic materials and its challenges
Available online 5 January 2026
While 3D printing technologies based on various curing methods like thermal curing, photopolymerization, solvent evaporation molding, and melt cooling have been extensively studied in the field of composite...
Development and experimental validation of an explosive combustion evolution model considering inertial constraint in casing motion
Available online 31 December 2025
In this study, a model is developed to capture the combustion evolution of explosives under mechanical constraints, particularly focusing on the ignition process. The model separates the propellant...
Preparation of hydroxylammonium pentazolate composite microspheres with effective anti-hygroscopicity and their safety
Available online 30 December 2025
Hydroxylammonium pentazolate (NH3OHN5) is regarded as a novel energetic material with outstanding performance, yet its practical application has been hindered by significant hygroscopicity and high...
Increased formation of higher-valence nitrogen oxides: The catalytic effect of altered cobalt-loaded carbon on the thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate
Available online 15 December 2025
Adding catalysts to regulate the thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate (AP) is an essential strategy for enhancing the combustion performance of propellants. In this study, a carbon-loaded Co...
Construction of high energy density azasydnone-pyrazole compounds
Available online 11 December 2025
The search for advanced energetic materials has shifted beyond traditional groups like nitro to explore non-conventional explosophores. Among these, the azasydnone ring stands out, combining a zero-oxygen...
Preparation and characterization of energetic nichrome firing based on Al/CuO energetic ink jet printing
Available online 11 December 2025
With the development of Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMS) technology, the manufacture of energy conversion elements with metal bridge membranes is becoming more mature, which can be applied in...
Mechanical properties of HTPB propellants: Recent advances and underlying mechanisms
Available online 10 December 2025
Hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene (HTPB)-based composite solid propellants (CSPs) are widely used in solid rocket motors due to their excellent mechanical properties and low cost. This review synthesizes...
Effect of carbon nanotubes on thermal decomposition of CL-20 explosive: a molecular dynamics simulation study
Available online 9 December 2025
CNT is a promising candidate that can improve the characteristics of energetic materials as an additive, while its effects on the reaction of the explosives have not yet been fully elucidated. To understand...
Thermal decomposition mechanism of nitroguanidine via a chemical reaction neural network and experiments
Available online 9 December 2025
Nitroguanidine (NQ) plays a central role in aerospace and industrial fields, and a deep understanding of its dynamic behavior and reaction mechanisms is crucial for accurately predicting its combustion...
Blocking strategy for metal-azide primary explosives with high EDS safety and detonation ability via fluorinated graphene composite design
Available online 28 November 2025
Several carbon-nanomaterial@metal-azide composites have been achieved to regulate the sensitivity of metal-azide primary explosives. However, the regulation mechanism of carbon nanomaterials on metal-azide...
Screening of natural deep eutectic solvents and their application in FOX-7 recrystallization
Available online 27 November 2025
To screen green solvents suitable for the recrystallization of FOX-7, this study combined the conductor-like screening model for real solvents (COSMO-RS) theory with experimental methods to identify...
Facile access to pyrazolo[3,4-d][1,2,3]triazine-2-oxide-based heat-resistant energetic materials via a C-N bridging strategy
Available online 26 November 2025
The growing demand for advanced heat-resistant energetic materials in deep mining and aerospace applications has driven significant research efforts. This study presents four novel energetic compounds...
Reactive molecular dynamics study on the fluorination combustion mechanism of Al particles in CF4
Available online 24 November 2025
Combustion of Al in F-containing oxidants possesses some attractive advantages on improving combustion efficiency; however, the mechanism therein has not been fully clarified yet. This study employs...
Transfer learning-enabled density prediction model for energetic molecule screening
Available online 22 November 2025
Identifying candidates with high crystal density using Quantitative Structure-Performance Relationship (QSPR) models is a primary task in screening energetic molecules. However, due to the scarcity...
Synthesis and ionic assembly of 3-methyl-4-nitro-5- (trinitromethyl) isoxazole (MNTI): Exploring a promising melt-cast explosive candidate
Available online 22 November 2025
Poor thermal stability is an inherent drawback of trinitromethyl-derived energetic compounds, and improving their thermal stability remains a core research focus in this field. This study reports the...
Rapid ranking of thermal safety realized by accelerating rate calorimetry correlating with small-scale slow cook-off: A case study of four melt-castable explosives
Available online 20 November 2025
The lack of effective diagnostic tools for thermal safety at the early stage hinders the design of efficient explosives to meet the application demands encountering high-temperature cook-off environments....
Searching for the optimal molar ratio of CL-20/FOX-7 cocrystal via evolutionary algorithm and machine learning
Available online 15 November 2025
In this work, we report the discovery of the most stable cocrystal molar ratio and structure for CL-20/FOX-7 compounds through an innovative workflow integration evolutionary algorithm with machine...
Mechanisms of jet formation and energy release in aluminized explosives: A DEM-FDM study
Available online 13 November 2025
Understanding the coupled jet dynamics and afterburning reaction of aluminum particles in aluminized explosives remains a challenge due to the ultra-fast interaction, surpassing the resolution capabilities...
Fabrication and regulation of combustion properties for Al-Li composite fuel utilizing copper perfluorooctanoate in solid propellant
Available online 7 November 2025
Alloy based composite fuel has been widely studied for its higher combustion effect and energy release, compared with traditional metal fuels. The doping of organometallic salt was the key to facilitating...
Exploring the effects of inserting heteroatoms (N, O, S) into 9-heterocyclo[3.3.1]nonane frameworks on the properties of their energetic derivatives
Available online 7 November 2025
Bicyclo[3.3.1]nonane scaffold is a privileged ring system frequently encountered in a variety of cage-like compounds. Exploring the synthesis of bicyclo[3.3.1]nonane is of great significance for the...
Nitraminepyrazole ligand boosting ignition and catalytic performance of energetic complexes
Available online 5 November 2025
The development of energetic combustion catalysts as combustion catalysts for ammonium perchlorate (AP) has aroused increasing interest in recent years. In this work, five energetic complexes (1–5)...