Current antiviral therapies and promising drug candidates against respiratory syncytial virus infection
April 2025
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is one of the most common viruses leading to lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) in children and elderly individuals worldwide. Although significant progress...
Epidemiological and genomic surveillance of influenza A virus (pdm09 H1N1 and H3N2) strains from 2017 to 2025 in Tianjin, China
August 2025
Influenza A virus (IAV) remains a global public health concern, causing influenza-like illness and severe respiratory tract infections. Two major subtypes, A/pdm09 H1N1 and A/H3N2, circulate globally,...
Antiviral agents for dengue virus
December 2025
Dengue virus (DENV) is a mosquito-borne pathogen responsible for a spectrum of illnesses, including dengue fever, dengue hemorrhagic fever, and dengue shock syndrome. Nearly half of the global population...
Revisiting influenza A virus life cycle from a perspective of genome balance
February 2023
Influenza A virus (IAV) genome comprises eight negative-sense RNA segments, of which the replication is well orchestrated and the delicate balance of multiple segments are dynamically regulated throughout...
Eltrombopag, an FDA-approved drug, inhibits dengue virus type 2 by targeting NS2B-NS3 protease
June 2025
Dengue viruses (DENV) have spread throughout the world and pose a huge threat to human life. The most widespread serotype is type 2 DENV (DENV 2), which has no specific treatment. NS2B-NS3 protease...
HBV and host metabolic crosstalk: Reprogramming pathways for viral replication and pathogenesis
October 2025
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) establishes chronic infection through strategic manipulation of host metabolic networks, driving a spectrum of hepatic pathologies ranging from hepatitis to cirrhosis and hepatocellular...
Meta-transcriptomic analysis of tick virome diversity and ecological characteristics in Yunnan Province, southwestern China
December 2025
Emerging tick-borne viruses are posing an increasing health concern. However, there is limited knowledge about the distribution characteristics of tick virome in Yunnan Province, southwestern China,...
Insights into recent advancements in human and animal rotavirus vaccines: Exploring new frontiers
February 2025
Rotavirus infections cause severe gastroenteritis and dehydration in young children and animals worldwide, leading to high rates of morbidity and mortality, predominantly in low- and middle-income countries....
SNX10 enhances HCoV-OC43 infection by facilitating viral entry and inhibiting virus-triggered autophagy
October 2025
The ongoing coronavirus epidemic, including the novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2), continues to pose a significant threat to global public health. Host targets address multiple stages of the viral life...
Genetic analysis of human adenovirus type 108 circulating in China during 2014–2024
October 2025
Human adenovirus type 108 (HAdV-108) has been detected in multiple countries, including China, and is associated with severe acute respiratory infection (ARI) in children, with reported fatalities....
The coronavirus 3CL protease: Unveiling its complex host interactions and central role in viral pathogenesis
August 2025
The 3CL protease, a highly conserved enzyme in the coronavirus, plays a crucial role in the viral life cycle by facilitating viral replication through precise cleavage of polyproteins. Beyond its proteolytic...
Oncolytic HSV-1 expressing GM-CSF and IL-12 enhances anti-tumor efficacy in immunocompetent murine melanoma model
December 2025
Oncolytic virus therapy is a promising strategy for cancer treatment. Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) has been successfully used in oncolytic virotherapy. In the present research, we applied an...
Pandemic preparedness of effective vaccines for the outbreak of newly H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza virus
December 2024
•Analyzed the outbreak situation and viral characteristics of the newly H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) virus.•The current approval and research and development of the H5N1 HPAI vaccines...
Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever: An emerging threat in Europe
Available online 15 December 2025
Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF), caused by Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV), is endemic in Africa, Asia, and Europe. However, CCHF epidemiology and epizootiology have been poorly...
The unique immune evasion mechanisms of the mpox virus and their implication for developing new vaccines and immunotherapies
October 2024
Mpox is an infectious and contagious zoonotic disease caused by the mpox virus (MPXV), which belongs to the genus Orthopoxvirus. Since 2022, MPXV has posed a significant threat to global public health....
Topoisomerase IIα orchestrates secretion of IL-6 and IL-8 with human papillomavirus replication
December 2025
High-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) replication requires deregulation of host DNA damage response (DDR) and inflammatory pathways. DNA topoisomerase 2β (Top2β) was previously shown to promote HPV replication....
Epidemiological, phylogenetic, and pathogenicity analysis of H4 subtype avian influenza viruses in China, 2011–2022
October 2025
The H4 subtype of avian influenza virus (AIV) is prevalent worldwide, but only receives little attention due to its low pathogenicity in poultry. Consequently, it remains largely unclear whether H4...
Long-term surveillance of avian avulavirus in wild birds in China from 2003 to 2020
October 2025
Avian avulavirus (AAVV) is a significant pathogen affecting avian species, but research on its prevalence in wild birds in China has been relatively limited. In this study, active surveillance for AAVV...
Neutralization of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever pseudotyped virions with heavy chain antibodies
December 2025
Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV) is a highly pathogenic tick-borne virus that causes severe hemorrhagic fever with high mortality rates in humans. No licensed vaccines or efficacious antiviral...
Updates on CRISPR-based gene editing in HIV-1/AIDS therapy
February 2022
Although tremendous efforts have been made to prevent and treat HIV-1 infection, HIV-1/AIDS remains a major threat to global human health. The combination antiretroviral therapy (cART), although able...
A decreased proportion of naïve MAIT cells is associated with the incomplete immune reconstitution in antiretroviral therapy-treated HIV-1 patients
December 2025
Incomplete immune reconstitution occurs in 10%–40% of antiretroviral therapy (ART)-treated human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) patients. This subset of immunological non-responders (INRs) has yet to...
Seasonal dynamics of hedgehog-borne ticks and severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus in Beijing's urban parks
October 2025
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV), an emerging tick-borne pathogen, has caused a rising number of human cases in the urban-rural fringe of Beijing since 2021. This study explores...
Phylogenomics and structural modelling feature accelerated evolution of Oropouche virus: 1955 to 2024
October 2025
A large multi-country outbreak of Oropouche virus (OROV), a segmented negative-sense RNA virus, is emerging in Latin America. By analyzing publicly available whole-genome sequences spanning 1955 to...
A safe and broad-spectrum SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine with a new delivery system for in-situ expression
October 2025
Since the outbreak of COVID-19 in late 2019, the cumulative number of confirmed cases worldwide has surpassed 778 million, and the number of deaths has exceeded 7 million, posing a significant threat...
Ubiquitin-specific protease 5 promotes EV-A71 replication by de-ubiquitinating MAVS and IRF3
December 2025
Human enterovirus A71 (EV-A71) is a major causative agent of hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD), which poses a significant public health threat, particularly among young children. Mitochondrial antiviral...