Current status of dengue fever epidemics and vaccine development
February 2026
Dengue fever, an acute mosquito-borne infectious disease caused by dengue virus (DENV), is primarily endemic in tropical and subtropical regions. In recent years, the global incidence of dengue has...
Antiviral agents for dengue virus
December 2025
Dengue virus (DENV) is a mosquito-borne pathogen responsible for a spectrum of illnesses, including dengue fever, dengue hemorrhagic fever, and dengue shock syndrome. Nearly half of the global population...
Current antiviral therapies and promising drug candidates against respiratory syncytial virus infection
April 2025
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is one of the most common viruses leading to lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) in children and elderly individuals worldwide. Although significant progress...
The role of T cells in influenza infection and vaccination
February 2026
Influenza virus infections cause significant illness or death every year, becoming a serious health risk. Currently, influenza vaccines mainly induce responses to antibodies against specific strains,...
Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever: An emerging threat in Europe
Available online 15 December 2025
Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF), caused by Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV), is endemic in Africa, Asia, and Europe. However, CCHF epidemiology and epizootiology have been poorly...
Revisiting influenza A virus life cycle from a perspective of genome balance
February 2023
Influenza A virus (IAV) genome comprises eight negative-sense RNA segments, of which the replication is well orchestrated and the delicate balance of multiple segments are dynamically regulated throughout...
Multivalent display of envelope protein domain III with Mi3 nanoparticles induces protective immunity against lethal Zika virus infection in mice
February 2026
Zika virus (ZIKV) infection is associated with severe neurological complications such as congenital microcephaly, yet no safe and effective vaccine is currently available. A critical challenge in ZIKV...
Meta-transcriptomic analysis of tick virome diversity and ecological characteristics in Yunnan Province, southwestern China
December 2025
Emerging tick-borne viruses are posing an increasing health concern. However, there is limited knowledge about the distribution characteristics of tick virome in Yunnan Province, southwestern China,...
Insights into recent advancements in human and animal rotavirus vaccines: Exploring new frontiers
February 2025
Rotavirus infections cause severe gastroenteritis and dehydration in young children and animals worldwide, leading to high rates of morbidity and mortality, predominantly in low- and middle-income countries....
Epidemiological and genomic surveillance of influenza A virus (pdm09 H1N1 and H3N2) strains from 2017 to 2025 in Tianjin, China
August 2025
Influenza A virus (IAV) remains a global public health concern, causing influenza-like illness and severe respiratory tract infections. Two major subtypes, A/pdm09 H1N1 and A/H3N2, circulate globally,...
Genomic evidence of HMPV resurgence in Beijing: Clade B2 triggers the 2024 winter epidemic peak
February 2026
With an unexpected increase of human metapneumovirus (hMPV) cases in northern China since late 2024, concerns arose whether novel hMPV variants triggered this epidemic. Utilizing the Beijing Respiratory...
Enhancing the stability of influenza a reporter viruses by recoding the gfp gene
February 2026
Influenza A virus (IAV) is one of the most important zoonotic pathogens and can cause global influenza pandemics and seasonal influenza outbreaks. Generation of recombinant IAV expressing a fluorescent...
Metatranscriptomics profiling reveals rodent- and shrew-borne viral diversity and evolutionary relationships in Guangzhou, China
February 2026
Emerging zoonotic infectious diseases, predominantly caused by viruses, pose increasing public health threats globally. Rodents and shrews are natural hosts for a variety of zoonotic viruses. Guangzhou...
Integrated multiplex PCR and metatranscriptomics reveal upper-lower airway microbial landscapes in pediatric respiratory infections
February 2026
Despite widespread use of multiple PCR, a substantial proportion of pediatric acute respiratory tract infections (ARTIs) lack identifiable pathogens and are classified as unknown etiology. The microbial...
Evidence of human exposure to tick-borne viruses based on viromes of ticks and presence of specific antibodies among patients in Hainan Island, southern China
February 2026
Hainan Island, located in the South China Sea, is known as an area with diseases related to Rickettsia spp. or spirochete infection; however, the potential threat there from infection with tick-borne...
GP38 is a structural component of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus particles
February 2026
•LC-MS/MS analysis indicated comparable levels of GP38 and viral structural proteins (NP, Gn, Gc) in purified CCHFV particles.•Western blot and IEM results confirm the presence of GP38 in CCHFV particles.•CCHFV...
Advances in human respiratory organoid models for studying the pathogenesis and intervention strategies of COVID-19
February 2026
Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), affects multiple organ systems, with the respiratory system being the primary target....
Systematic evaluation of HSV-1 Δ34.5Δ47 as a dual-function platform for attenuated HSV-1 vaccine and heterologous antigen delivery
February 2026
Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) causes lifelong latent infection and is associated with severe diseases, including herpes simplex encephalitis, neonatal herpes, and no licensed vaccine is currently...
The unique immune evasion mechanisms of the mpox virus and their implication for developing new vaccines and immunotherapies
October 2024
Mpox is an infectious and contagious zoonotic disease caused by the mpox virus (MPXV), which belongs to the genus Orthopoxvirus. Since 2022, MPXV has posed a significant threat to global public health....
Oncolytic HSV-1 expressing GM-CSF and IL-12 enhances anti-tumor efficacy in immunocompetent murine melanoma model
December 2025
Oncolytic virus therapy is a promising strategy for cancer treatment. Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) has been successfully used in oncolytic virotherapy. In the present research, we applied an...
Deep data-independent acquisition-based plasma proteomic profiling unveils distinct molecular features in dengue fever with neutropenia
December 2025
Dengue virus (DENV) remains a pervasive global health threat, further complicated by the occurrence of neutropenia—a distinct clinical feature indicative of an altered host immune response, closely...
GlycoRNAs: Biological functions and novel antiviral targets
February 2026
•GlycoRNAs on host cell surfaces serve as adhesive molecules for viral internalization.•GlycoRNAs may interact with immunomodulatory receptors and facilitate immune recognition and responses.•Targeting...
Pseudorabies virus TK protein antagonizes alpha interferon response by interfering with the JAK1-STAT1 interaction
February 2026
Pseudorabies virus (PRV), a member of the Alphaherpesvirinae subfamily, is the causative agent of Aujeszky's disease, which severely affects swine health and poses a potential zoonotic risk. PRV can...
Phloretin targeting the 3CLpro Cys144 exhibits broad-spectrum antiviral activity against swine enteric coronavirus
February 2026
Swine enteric coronaviruses (SECoVs) cause severe watery diarrhea and high mortality in piglets, resulting in significant economic losses to the global pig industry. However, frequent mutations in SECoVs...
Adaptor protein complex 1 gamma 1 subunit is an important host factor involved in both Zika virus and dengue virus infections
December 2025
Mosquito-borne flaviviruses, such as Zika virus (ZIKV) and dengue virus (DENV), cause diverse severe clinical manifestations including fever, rash, hepatitis, arthralgia, and congenital anomalies. Here,...