Current antiviral therapies and promising drug candidates against respiratory syncytial virus infection
April 2025
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is one of the most common viruses leading to lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) in children and elderly individuals worldwide. Although significant progress...
Eltrombopag, an FDA-approved drug, inhibits dengue virus type 2 by targeting NS2B-NS3 protease
June 2025
Dengue viruses (DENV) have spread throughout the world and pose a huge threat to human life. The most widespread serotype is type 2 DENV (DENV 2), which has no specific treatment. NS2B-NS3 protease...
Updates on CRISPR-based gene editing in HIV-1/AIDS therapy
February 2022
Although tremendous efforts have been made to prevent and treat HIV-1 infection, HIV-1/AIDS remains a major threat to global human health. The combination antiretroviral therapy (cART), although able...
Insights into cross-species infection: Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus infections in the rodent
June 2025
The cross-species infection of coronaviruses has resulted in several major epidemics since 2003. Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) is a devastating swine enteric coronavirus, which targets pigs...
Insights into recent advancements in human and animal rotavirus vaccines: Exploring new frontiers
February 2025
Rotavirus infections cause severe gastroenteritis and dehydration in young children and animals worldwide, leading to high rates of morbidity and mortality, predominantly in low- and middle-income countries....
The unique immune evasion mechanisms of the mpox virus and their implication for developing new vaccines and immunotherapies
October 2024
Mpox is an infectious and contagious zoonotic disease caused by the mpox virus (MPXV), which belongs to the genus Orthopoxvirus. Since 2022, MPXV has posed a significant threat to global public health....
Host factor RBM25 promotes HBV replication through Yin Yang 1-mediated cccDNA transcription
June 2025
The persistence of covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA) in hepatitis B virus (HBV)-infected hepatocytes remains a major obstacle to effective antiviral treatment. Understanding the molecular mechanisms...
Virome diversity in small mammals from south China: Insights into virus evolution, transmission, and ecology
August 2025
Mammals are critical reservoirs of human infectious diseases and the spillover of viruses is related to climate conditions. We conducted meta-transcriptomic sequencing of 226 mammals (bats, rodents,...
Zika virus transmission in Aedes aegypti: A systematic study on the ability of mosquitoes to transmit the virus horizontally and vertically
April 2025
Zika virus (ZIKV) is a mosquito-borne virus belonging to the genus Orthoflavivirus, and the family Flaviviridae. It commonly presents with febrile-like symptoms, neurological issues, and pregnancy complications...
Clofazimine targeting the spike protein and RdRp exhibits highly efficient antiviral activity against porcine epidemic diarrhea virus in vitro
June 2025
Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) infection causes acute watery diarrhea in neonatal piglets, leading to substantial economic losses within the pig farming industry. This study demonstrates that...
Clinical outcomes after HBsAg clearance in chronic hepatitis B patients treated with Peg-IFN α: A study with an 11- to 173-month follow-up
August 2025
To investigate the risk and influencing factors of long-term liver adverse events in chronic hepatitis B patients achieving hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) clearance after pegylated interferon α...
Epidemiological and genomic surveillance of influenza A virus (pdm09 H1N1 and H3N2) strains from 2017 to 2025 in Tianjin, China
August 2025
Influenza A virus (IAV) remains a global public health concern, causing influenza-like illness and severe respiratory tract infections. Two major subtypes, A/pdm09 H1N1 and A/H3N2, circulate globally,...
Decoding the virome reveals diverse novel viruses in tree shrews (Tupaia belangeri) in Yunnan Province
June 2025
Viruses circulating in small mammals possess the potential to infect humans. Tree shrews are a group of small mammals inhabiting widely in forests and plantations, but studies on viruses in tree shrews...
Nano-bubble hydrogen water: An effective therapeutic agent against inflammation related disease caused by viral infection in zebrafish model
April 2022
Since the anti-inflammatory effect of hydrogen has been widely known, it was supposed that hydrogen could suppress tissue damage by inhibiting virus-related inflammatory reactions. However, hydrogen...
Revisiting influenza A virus life cycle from a perspective of genome balance
February 2023
Influenza A virus (IAV) genome comprises eight negative-sense RNA segments, of which the replication is well orchestrated and the delicate balance of multiple segments are dynamically regulated throughout...
Development and immunoprotection assessment of novel vaccines for avian infectious bronchitis virus
June 2025
Infectious bronchitis (IB), a highly contagious acute respiratory disease affecting avian species, poses significant challenges to poultry production. The causative agent, infectious bronchitis virus...
Nucleophosmin 1 inhibits the replication of influenza A virus by competitively binding viral RNA with viral proteins
June 2025
Influenza A viruses (IAVs) are single-stranded negative-sense RNA viruses that continually challenge animal and human health. In IAV-infected cells, host RNA-binding proteins play key roles in the life...
Isolation and identification of a newly discovered broad-spectrum Acinetobacter baumannii phage and therapeutic validation against pan-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii
August 2025
The treatment of Acinetobacter baumannii (A. baumannii) poses significant clinical challenges due to its multidrug/pan-drug resistance. In this study, we isolated a broad-spectrum lytic A. baumannii...
The SARS-CoV-2 3CL protease inhibits pyroptosis through the cleavage of gasdermin D
June 2025
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the causative agent of novel coronavirus disease 2019, can cause acute respiratory symptoms and even death globally. However, the immune...
Elevated interferon-induced transmembrane protein 3 in platelets and megakaryocytes suppresses Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever viral infection by interacting with glycoprotein Gc
June 2025
Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a hemorrhagic fever caused by infection with the CCHF virus (CCHFV) and has a mortality rate of up to 30 %. Thrombocytopenia is a hallmark of CCHF; however,...
SNX10 enhances HCoV-OC43 infection by facilitating viral entry and inhibiting virus-triggered autophagy
Available online 9 July 2025
The ongoing coronavirus epidemic, including the novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2), continues to pose a significant threat to global public health. Host targets address multiple stages of the viral life...
Quercetin inhibits herpes simplex virus 1 replication in corneal epithelium and suppresses keratitis progression
August 2025
Quercetin is a natural compound with potent antiviral effects; however, its role in the treatment of herpes simplex keratitis (HSK) remains underexplored. Here, we investigated the antiviral effects...
Single-cell RNA-sequencing reveals a profound immune cell response in human cytomegalovirus-infected humanized mice
October 2024
Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is a common herpesvirus that persistently infects a large portion of the world's population. Despite the robust host immune response, HCMV is able to replicate, evade host...
Black swans as sentinel species for the emergence of clade 2.3.4.4b highly pathogenic avian influenza (H5N1) in Shanghai, China, 2024
Available online 19 July 2025
•A novel reassortant H5N1 virus detected in 15 sick black swans in Shanghai, China.•Novel H5N1 virus in black swans suggests wild-domestic bird reassortant from East Asia.•Susceptible black swans could...
The coronavirus 3CL protease: Unveiling its complex host interactions and central role in viral pathogenesis
August 2025
The 3CL protease, a highly conserved enzyme in the coronavirus, plays a crucial role in the viral life cycle by facilitating viral replication through precise cleavage of polyproteins. Beyond its proteolytic...