Current status of dengue fever epidemics and vaccine development
February 2026
Dengue fever, an acute mosquito-borne infectious disease caused by dengue virus (DENV), is primarily endemic in tropical and subtropical regions. In recent years, the global incidence of dengue has...
Antiviral agents for dengue virus
December 2025
Dengue virus (DENV) is a mosquito-borne pathogen responsible for a spectrum of illnesses, including dengue fever, dengue hemorrhagic fever, and dengue shock syndrome. Nearly half of the global population...
Structural vaccinology expedites rational design of next-generation vaccines for influenza and respiratory syncytial virus
April 2026
Vaccination stands as the single most effective and cost-efficient public health intervention in human history, serving as a cornerstone of modern medicine that profoundly transforms global health outcomes....
Breaking barriers and beyond: Mechanisms and pathological implications of Zika virus traversal across blood-tissue interfaces
April 2026
Blood-tissue barriers are specialized interfaces that safeguard organ homeostasis by restricting pathogen dissemination. Zika virus (ZIKV), an emerging flavivirus of global concern, exhibits an exceptional...
Generation of G9 genotype porcine rotavirus using reverse genetics system and its application for antiviral screen and vaccine development
April 2026
Group A rotaviruses (RVs) continue to be one of the most important pathogens causing severe acute gastroenteritis in infants and young animals worldwide. Recently, the prevalence of porcine RV (PoRV)...
Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever: An emerging threat in Europe
Available online 15 December 2025
Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF), caused by Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV), is endemic in Africa, Asia, and Europe. However, CCHF epidemiology and epizootiology have been poorly...
The role of T cells in influenza infection and vaccination
February 2026
Influenza virus infections cause significant illness or death every year, becoming a serious health risk. Currently, influenza vaccines mainly induce responses to antibodies against specific strains,...
Genomic-epidemiological analysis of 15 million SARS-CoV-2 genomes reveals accelerated fitness gain of JN.1 lineage
April 2026
The evolution of SARS-CoV-2 has been driven by successive globally circulating waves, including the Alpha and Delta lineages, early Omicron (BA.1–BA.5), XBB, and the recently dominant JN.1 lineages....
A semi-replicating VSV (srVSV)-based platform for developing broad-spectrum mucosal vaccines against influenza A viruses
April 2026
Influenza A viruses (IAVs) are significant respiratory pathogens characterized by high mutation rates and frequent genetic reassortments, underscoring the need for vaccines that can induce robust and...
Nanobody targeting glycan cap confers broad orthoebolavirus neutralization
April 2026
The Zaire Ebola virus (EBOV) and Bundibugyo virus (BDBV) cause severe hemorrhagic fever with high mortality, highlighting the urgent need for broad-spectrum antiviral therapies. Neutralizing nanobodies,...
HVT-based multiepitope vaccine administered subcutaneously or in ovo boosts protection of inactivated H9N2 vaccine against heterologous virus
April 2026
H9N2 avian influenza virus (AIV) poses a persistent threat as inactivated vaccines (InV) often fail to prevent viral shedding. To address this, we developed a recombinant turkey herpesvirus (HVT-BNT)...
STING1 negatively regulates translation and replication of foot-and-mouth disease virus independently of interferon and is antagonized by the viral proteins 3C and 2B
April 2026
Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV), a highly contagious picornavirus, employs multifaceted strategies to evade host innate immunity, with viral proteins 3C protease (3Cpro) and 2B serving as key immune...
Current antiviral therapies and promising drug candidates against respiratory syncytial virus infection
April 2025
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is one of the most common viruses leading to lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) in children and elderly individuals worldwide. Although significant progress...
Revisiting influenza A virus life cycle from a perspective of genome balance
February 2023
Influenza A virus (IAV) genome comprises eight negative-sense RNA segments, of which the replication is well orchestrated and the delicate balance of multiple segments are dynamically regulated throughout...
Development and characterization of neutralizing monoclonal antibodies against clinically relevant human adenovirus subgroup B serotypes
April 2026
Human adenoviruses (HAdVs), particularly subgroup B serotypes HAdV-3 and HAdV-55, are associated with severe respiratory disease and currently lack targeted therapies. While neutralizing monoclonal...
Cepharanthine hydrochloride alleviates herpesvirus encephalitis by inhibiting Nrf2 degradation
April 2026
Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) infection can induce herpes simplex encephalitis (HSE), a life-threatening neurological disorder characterized by active viral replication within the central nervous...
Metatranscriptomics uncovers host immune and microbiome signatures specific to and shared between human metapneumovirus and respiratory syncytial virus infections in children
April 2026
Human metapneumovirus (hMPV) is a prevalent respiratory virus in children with acute lower respiratory tract infections that is highly homologous with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), the primary...
ZNF219 inhibits porcine epidemic diarrhea virus by degrading viral S2 protein
April 2026
Since its discovery, porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) has significantly affected the agricultural economy worldwide. The available commercialized coronavirus vaccines cannot adequately control...
Two orthobunyaviruses: OYAV and EBIV co-opt the AhR-CYP1A1 axis to suppress type I interferon responses
April 2026
The type I interferon (IFN-I) system serves as a frontline defense against viral infection, yet how orthobunyaviruses counteract this pathway remains poorly defined. Here, we identify cytochrome P450...
Insights into recent advancements in human and animal rotavirus vaccines: Exploring new frontiers
February 2025
Rotavirus infections cause severe gastroenteritis and dehydration in young children and animals worldwide, leading to high rates of morbidity and mortality, predominantly in low- and middle-income countries....
Feline calicivirus VP1-based mRNA vaccine protects cats against FCV challenge
April 2026
•An FCV-VP1 mRNA-LNP vaccine was constructed, utilizing a safe, flexible non-viral platform.•The vaccine elicits effective, durable neutralizing antibodies, protecting cats from FCV challenge.•This...
Establishment of severe in vitro and in vivo infection models for coxsackievirus B4 and their application in identifying viral virulence determinants
April 2026
Coxsackievirus B4 (CVB4) is a highly pathogenic enterovirus associated with severe neurological disease and mortality. To establish research models that recapitulate severe CVB4 infection, two clinical...
HBV and host metabolic crosstalk: Reprogramming pathways for viral replication and pathogenesis
October 2025
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) establishes chronic infection through strategic manipulation of host metabolic networks, driving a spectrum of hepatic pathologies ranging from hepatitis to cirrhosis and hepatocellular...
Identification of a novel HIV-1 circulating recombinant form (CRF161_0107) from CRF01_AE-C5 lineage among men who have sex with men in southwestern China
April 2026
•Identification of a novel HIV-1 circulating recombinant form (CRF161_0107) in Chinese men who have sex with men.•CRF161_0107 emerged around 2016, exhibiting unique CRF01_AE-C5 and CRF07_BC-N parental...
EBV nuclear antigen 1 hijacks DDX5/BZLF1 axis to facilitate viral lytic replication
April 2026
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) lytic replication is a key driver of viral dissemination and tumorigenicity in epithelial malignancies, such as nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) and gastric cancer (GC). However,...