Updates on CRISPR-based gene editing in HIV-1/AIDS therapy
February 2022
Although tremendous efforts have been made to prevent and treat HIV-1 infection, HIV-1/AIDS remains a major threat to global human health. The combination antiretroviral therapy (cART), although able...
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Single-cell RNA sequencing to understand host-virus interactions
February 2024
Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) has allowed for the profiling of host and virus transcripts and host-virus interactions at single-cell resolution. This review summarizes the existing scRNA-seq...
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Rapid identification of full-length genome and tracing variations of monkeypox virus in clinical specimens based on mNGS and amplicon sequencing
February 2024
The monkeypox virus (MPXV) has triggered a current outbreak globally. Genome sequencing of MPXV and rapid tracing of genetic variants will benefit disease diagnosis and control. It is a significant...
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Nano-bubble hydrogen water: An effective therapeutic agent against inflammation related disease caused by viral infection in zebrafish model
April 2022
Since the anti-inflammatory effect of hydrogen has been widely known, it was supposed that hydrogen could suppress tissue damage by inhibiting virus-related inflammatory reactions. However, hydrogen...
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Reverse genetics systems for SARS-CoV-2: Development and applications
December 2023
The recent emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) caused serious harm to human health and struck a blow to global economic development. Research on SARS-CoV-2 has...
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Pangolin HKU4-related coronaviruses found in greater bamboo bats from southern China
December 2023
Coronavirus (CoV) spillover originating from game animals, particularly pangolins, is currently a significant concern. Meanwhile, vigilance is urgently needed for coronaviruses carried by bats, which...
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Revisiting influenza A virus life cycle from a perspective of genome balance
February 2023
Influenza A virus (IAV) genome comprises eight negative-sense RNA segments, of which the replication is well orchestrated and the delicate balance of multiple segments are dynamically regulated throughout...
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Ferroptosis contributes to JEV-induced neuronal damage and neuroinflammation
February 2024
Ferroptosis is a newly discovered prototype of programmed cell death (PCD) driven by iron-dependent phospholipid peroxidation accumulation, and it has been linked to numerous organ injuries and degenerative...
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HIF-1α promotes virus replication and cytokine storm in H1N1 virus-induced severe pneumonia through cellular metabolic reprogramming
February 2024
The mortality of patients with severe pneumonia caused by H1N1 infection is closely related to viral replication and cytokine storm. However, the specific mechanisms triggering virus replication and...
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Recent advances in understanding T cell activation and exhaustion during HBV infection
December 2023
Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection remains a major public health concern globally, and T cell responses are widely believed to play a pivotal role in mediating HBV clearance. Accordingly, research...
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Monkeypox virus: a re-emergent threat to humans
August 2022
Human monkeypox (MPX) is a rare zoonotic infection characterized by smallpox-like signs and symptoms. It is caused by monkeypox virus (MPXV), a double stranded DNA virus belonging to the genus Orthopoxvirus....
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Phosphorylation of PB2 at serine 181 restricts viral replication and virulence of the highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza virus in mice
February 2024
Influenza A virus (IAV) continues to pose a pandemic threat to public health, resulting a high mortality rate annually and during pandemic years. Posttranslational modification of viral protein plays...
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PABP-driven secondary condensed phase within RSV inclusion bodies activates viral mRNAs for ribosomal recruitment
Available online 9 December 2023
Inclusion bodies (IBs) of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) are formed by liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) and contain internal structures termed “IB-associated granules” (IBAGs), where anti-termination...
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Classifying hepatitis B therapies with insights from covalently closed circular DNA dynamics
February 2024
The achievement of a functional cure for chronic hepatitis B (CHB) remains limited to a minority of patients treated with currently approved drugs. The primary objective in developing new anti-HBV drugs...
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Regulation of antiviral immune response by African swine fever virus (ASFV)
April 2022
African swine fever (ASF) is a highly contagious and acute hemorrhagic viral disease with a high mortality approaching 100% in domestic pigs. ASF is an endemic in countries in sub-Saharan Africa. Now,...
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Genotype analysis of rotaviruses isolated from children during a phase III clinical trial with the hexavalent rotavirus vaccine in China
December 2023
The oral hexavalent live human-bovine reassortant rotavirus vaccine (RV6) developed by Wuhan Institute of Biological Products Co., Ltd (WIBP) has finished a randomized, placebo-controlled phase III...
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Interconnection of cellular autophagy and endosomal vesicle trafficking and its role in hepatitis B virus replication and release
February 2024
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) produces and releases various particle types, including complete virions, subviral particles with envelope proteins, and naked capsids. Recent studies demonstrate that HBV exploits...
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A multiple-target mRNA-LNP vaccine induces protective immunity against experimental multi-serotype DENV in mice
October 2022
Dengue virus (DENV) is a mosquito-borne virus with a rapid spread to humans, causing mild to potentially fatal illness in hundreds of millions of people each year. Due to the large number of serotypes...
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Cross-species transmission and host range genes in poxviruses
Available online 23 January 2024
The persistent epidemic of human mpox, caused by mpox virus (MPXV), raises concerns about the future spread of MPXV and other poxviruses. MPXV is a typical zoonotic virus which can infect human and...
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Ancient dormant virus remnant ERVW-1 drives ferroptosis via degradation of GPX4 and SLC3A2 in schizophrenia
February 2024
Human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs) are remnants of retroviral infections in human germline cells from millions of years ago. Among these, ERVW-1 (also known as HERV-W-ENV, ERVWE1, or ENVW) encodes...
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PRRSV degrades MDA5 via dual autophagy receptors P62 and CCT2 to evade antiviral innate immunity
Available online 23 January 2024
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) is a major economically devastating pathogen that has evolved various strategies to evade innate immunity. Downregulation of antiviral interferon...
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Diversity and independent evolutionary profiling of rodent-borne viruses in Hainan, a tropical island of China
October 2023
The risk of emerging infectious diseases (EID) is increasing globally. More than 60% of EIDs worldwide are caused by animal-borne pathogens. This study aimed to characterize the virome, analyze the...
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The genomic characteristics and pathogenicity of a mammalian orthoreovirus within a new lineage from wild pika in plateau
December 2023
Emerging and re-emerging viruses from wild animals have seriously threatened the health of humans and domesticated animals in recent years. Herein, we isolated a new mammalian orthoreovirus (MRV), Pika/MRV/GCCDC7/2019...
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LncRNA NKILA inhibits HBV replication by repressing NF-κB signalling activation
February 2024
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection results in liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). HBx/nuclear factor (NF)-κB pathway plays a role in HBV replication. However, whether NF-κB-interacting...
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Drug repurposing screen identifies vidofludimus calcium and pyrazofurin as novel chemical entities for the development of hepatitis E interventions
February 2024
Hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection can cause severe complications and high mortality, particularly in pregnant women, organ transplant recipients, individuals with pre-existing liver disease and immunosuppressed...
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