Discovery of Oleanolic Acid-Derived Amides as Synergistic Adjuvants Against Multidrug-Resistant Escherichia coli
Available online 8 July 2026
The global surge in antimicrobial resistance (AMR) within bovine-origin Escherichia coli represents a critical One Health challenge, severely compromising the efficacy of frontline veterinary antibiotics...
Streptococcus parasuis: an underestimated zoonotic pathogen with a potentially distinct pathobiological profile
Available online 7 July 2026
Streptococcus parasuis, a species formally delineated in 2015 from former Streptococcus suis serotypes 20, 22 and 26, has recently been recognized as a potential opportunistic zoonotic pathogen after...
Current Evidence on Nipah Virus Detection and Implications for Wastewater-Based Surveillance
Available online 6 July 2026
Nipah virus (NiV) is a high-consequence zoonotic pathogen associated with severe neurological and respiratory disease, high case-fatality ratios (40-75%), and documented human-to-human transmission,...
Persistent and recurrent Staphylococcus aureus infection: biofilms, antibiotic tolerance, protected lesion niches, and therapeutic strategies
Available online 6 July 2026
Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) causes acute invasive disease as well as persistent and recurrent infections involving skin and soft tissue, the bloodstream and endovascular structures, bone and joints,...
Environmental and mosquito microbiomes affect mosquito-borne disease transmission under climate change
Available online 2 July 2026
Mosquito-borne diseases remain a major global health challenge, and their transmission dynamics are increasingly influenced by climate change. Rising temperatures, altered precipitation, and extreme...
Organoids of the reproductive system: A comprehensive review of advances in male and female models, disease applications, and future perspectives
Available online 2 July 2026
Organoid technology has emerged as an important platform for reproductive system research. Compared with traditional two-dimensional culture systems, organoids are three-dimensional in vitro models...
First detection of parainfluenza virus 5 in sika deer: Evidence for cross-species transmission and zoonotic potential
June 2026
Parainfluenza virus 5 (PIV5), a member of the Paramyxoviridae family, is a widely distributed respiratory pathogen with a broad host range; however, infection in sika deer has not previously been reported....
Probiotics for mitigating diarrhea in yak calves: Mechanisms, efficacy, and future perspectives
June 2026
Yak calves are a vital economic asset within high-altitude pastoral ecosystems; however, diarrhea continues to pose a significant threat to their health and growth, leading to substantial financial...
Intestinal microbiota dysbiosis in bovine mastitis: Its role and strategies for prevention and control targeting intestinal microbiota
June 2026
Mastitis in dairy cattle persists as a significant global challenge, imposing substantial economic losses and compromising animal welfare. Conventional antibiotic-based protocols remain clinically effective...
Centennial African swine fever: A comprehensive overview
June 2026
African swine fever (ASF), caused by African swine fever virus (ASFV), is a highly contagious and often fatal disease that affects domestic pigs and wild boars. Since its initial identification in Kenya...
A narrative review for antibacterials design and modification targeting outer membrane against Gram-negative bacteria
June 2026
With the increasing prevalence of refractory multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacterial infections, the development of novel antibacterials targeting Gram-negative pathogens has become an urgent priority....
Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus megaterium alleviate colitis induced by DSS and depression-like behavior through the modulation of intestinal flora
June 2026
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) induces chronic intestinal inflammation and, in severe cases, may promote the development of colon cancer. IBD is frequently accompanied by psychiatric comorbidities...
A review of the mechanisms by which immune cells, cytokines, and gut microbiota regulate intestinal IgA synthesis
June 2026
Intestinal immunoglobulin A (IgA) is the predominant antibody observed within the intestinal mucosal immune system. It is essential for preserving intestinal homeostasis, protecting against infections,...
Emerging challenges and advances in porcine viral pathogenesis: A decade in review
June 2026
The past decade has witnessed unprecedented challenges posed by porcine viruses, driven by globalization and intensive livestock practices. This review consolidates critical findings from recent literature,...
Giardia duodenalis kinase-STE7 requires ROS- associated AKT/JNK signaling pathway to induce apoptosis in Caco-2 cells
June 2026
Giardia duodenalis is an opportunistic pathogenic parasite that causes giardiasis, characterized by abdominal pain, diarrhea, and indigestion as the primary symptoms. The apoptosis of host epithelial...
Host protein eEF1A1 affected the infection of Cryptosporidium parvum through interacting with CpHSP90
June 2026
Cryptosporidium parvum (C. parvum) is a common protozoan pathogen that causes severe diarrhea in humans and animals. HSP90 plays a key role in eukaryotic growth and development. Previous studies have...
Negative energy balance in transition dairy cows: Mechanisms, systemic impacts, and integrated prevention strategies
Available online 19 June 2026
Negative energy balance (NEB) is the central metabolic challenge of transition dairy cows and a major driver of impaired health, productivity, and reproductive performance during the periparturient...
A One Health Perspective on Chikungunya: From Epidemiological Insights to Integrated Control Strategies
Available online 18 June 2026
In recent decades, factors such as climate change, accelerated urbanization, and increased human mobility have intensified the global burden of mosquito-borne infectious diseases. Among these, Chikungunya...
CRISPR-Cas systems in protozoan parasites: A biological-fit decision framework for Cas9/Cas12a editing and dCas-based regulation
Available online 8 June 2026
CRISPR-Cas systems have transformed functional genomics in protozoan parasites; however, their genome engineering outcomes are strongly influenced by parasite-specific biological and genetic contexts....
Chronic Antigenic Stimulation Induced by an Inactivated Vaccine Drives Hepatic AA Amyloidosis and Liver Rupture Syndrome in Laying Hens
Available online 8 June 2026
Recent epidemiological observations suggest a potential link between layer hemorrhagic liver rupture syndrome (LHLRS) and intensive vaccination protocols. However, the causal relationships and underlying...
Paramyxovirus Reverse Genetics System Optimization Strategies and Emerging Artificial Intelligence Applications
Available online 2 June 2026
Reverse genetics, a cornerstone of virology, enables the de novo generation of viruses from cloned cDNA, allowing precise investigation of viral biology. It is particularly vital for the Paramyxoviridae...
Mechanisms of transmission and pathogenesis of alphaviruses
Available online 28 May 2026
Alphavirus is a genus of single-stranded positive sense RNA viruses, which infect vertebrate animals (humans, horses, rodents etc.) and/or arthropods. Medically important alphaviruses are mainly transmitted...
Multidimensional pathogenic mechanisms of bovine viral diarrhea virus: From cell invasion to immune evasion
Available online 27 May 2026
Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) is a significant economic pathogen capable of establishing persistent infections in cattle, posing a major challenge to global cattle industries. This review systematically...
Advances in antiviral agents: A concise review
Available online 27 May 2026
Emerging and re-emerging viral infections continue to pose serious threats to global health, agriculture, and ecosystems. The rise of drug-resistant strains highlights the pressing demand for innovative...