#AI reads Urine# Early and Sensitive Detection of Cisplatin-Induced Kidney Injury Using Novel Biomarkers
Published 13 May, 2025
This study evaluated a panel of novel urinary and serum biomarkers for the early and sensitive detection of cisplatin-induced kidney injury in cancer patients, comparing them with standard biomarkers. The research included 105 cisplatin-treated patients, 20 non-cisplatin-treated cancer controls, and 34 healthy controls. Serum and urine samples were collected at multiple time points.
In terms of detecting cisplatin exposure, most urinary biomarkers showed good performance, with some like kidney injury molecule - 1, urinary albumin, and urinary osteopontin having an area under the receiver operating characteristics curve (AUROC) of 0.95. Among them, alpha-glutathione-S-transferase in urine reached its peak concentration earliest, on day 1 after cisplatin exposure.
When it came to the two-stage adjudication for diagnosing kidney injury, at stage 1 (using standard biomarkers only), there were limited significant differences in the percent change from baseline of urinary biomarkers between the drug-induced kidney injury (DIKI) and no-DIKI groups, except for neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin and cystatin C. At stage 2 (using both standard and novel biomarkers), most urinary biomarkers had an AUROC > 0.8 when comparing the DIKI group with the non-cisplatin-treated cancer control group. For example, urinary albumin, osteopontin, and KIM-1 had high AUROC values, indicating good discriminatory capabilities.
In contrast, among serum biomarkers, serum cystatin C had an AUROC of 0.92 in detecting cisplatin exposure. Serum creatinine and estimated glomerular filtration rate had AUROC values around 0.84. In general, urinary biomarkers showed more advantages in terms of the speed of reaching the peak value after exposure and the accuracy of detecting kidney injury, especially in identifying "sub-clinical" DIKI that might be overlooked by standard acute kidney injury criteria. However, serum biomarkers also played a role in the overall assessment of kidney function and injury. In conclusion, urinary biomarkers seem to perform better in sensitive and early detection of cisplatin-induced kidney injury, but both urinary and serum biomarkers are valuable and can complement each other in the diagnosis process.
Kidney Int Rep. 2025 Feb 5;10(4):1175-1187. doi: 10.1016/j.ekir.2025.01.035.
Youhe Gao
Statement: During the preparation of this work the author(s) used Doubao / AI reading for summarizing the content. After using this tool/service, the author(s) reviewed and edited the content as needed and take(s) full responsibility for the content of the published article.
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