#AI reads Urine#Plasma and Urine Metabolites Associated with Microperimetric Retinal Sensitivity in Age-Related Macular Degeneration, which ones are more obvious?
Published 27 April, 2025
In the research on age - related macular degeneration (AMD), an analysis of the associations between plasma and urine metabolites and microperimetric retinal sensitivity has revealed that there are more differential metabolites related to AMD in urine, and the changes of some metabolites may be more significant.
- **Plasma Metabolites**: The study included data from 363 eyes, with 95 in the control group and 268 in the AMD group. In the analysis of plasma metabolites, based on the ENT80 criterion, it was found that phosphate in the energy superpathway and oxidative phosphorylation sub - pathway, as well as oxindolylalanine in the tryptophan metabolism sub - pathway, were significantly associated with mean retinal sensitivity. In the AMD group, in addition to phosphate, glutarylcarnitine (C5 - DC) in the lysine metabolism sub - pathway was also significantly associated; in the control group, phosphate also showed a significant association. However, overall, the types of metabolites in plasma that are significantly related to retinal sensitivity are relatively few.
- **Urine Metabolites**: In the analysis of urine metabolites, metabolites in multiple sub - pathways were found to be significantly related to retinal sensitivity. In the lysine metabolism pathway, there were 2 - oxoadipate, N6 - acetyllysine, and 5 - hydroxylysine; urate in the purine metabolism pathway; ethylmalonate in the leucine, isoleucine, and valine metabolism; 3 - hydroxyanthranilate in the tryptophan metabolism, and so on. In the AMD subgroup, in addition to some of the above - mentioned metabolites, pregnenetriol disulfate in pregnenolone steroids also showed a significant association. Compared with plasma, the metabolic pathways of urine involving significantly related metabolites are more diverse, and the types are richer.
- **Comparison of Change Magnitudes**: Judging from the absolute values of the coefficients, some metabolites in urine, such as N6 - acetyllysine (β = - 5.2, p = 0.0001 in the overall analysis) and urate (β = - 7.4, p = 0.0004 in the AMD subgroup analysis), have larger absolute values of the coefficients compared with some significant metabolites in plasma. This means that in terms of affecting retinal sensitivity, the changes of these urine metabolites may be more significant. For example, the maximum absolute value of the coefficient of the association between phosphate in plasma and retinal sensitivity is - 11.2 in the AMD group, while the absolute values of the coefficients of some metabolites in urine exceed this value, reflecting that the degree of change in their impact on retinal sensitivity may be more obvious.
Metabolites. 2025 Mar 28;15(4):232. doi: 10.3390/metabo15040232.
Youhe Gao
Statement: During the preparation of this work the author(s) used Doubao / AI reading for summarizing the content. After using this tool/service, the author(s) reviewed and edited the content as needed and take(s) full responsibility for the content of the published article.
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