First detection of parainfluenza virus 5 in sika deer: Evidence for cross-species transmission and zoonotic potential
June 2026
Parainfluenza virus 5 (PIV5), a member of the Paramyxoviridae family, is a widely distributed respiratory pathogen with a broad host range; however, infection in sika deer has not previously been reported....
Probiotics for mitigating diarrhea in yak calves: Mechanisms, efficacy, and future perspectives
June 2026
Yak calves are a vital economic asset within high-altitude pastoral ecosystems; however, diarrhea continues to pose a significant threat to their health and growth, leading to substantial financial...
Intestinal microbiota dysbiosis in bovine mastitis: Its role and strategies for prevention and control targeting intestinal microbiota
June 2026
Mastitis in dairy cattle persists as a significant global challenge, imposing substantial economic losses and compromising animal welfare. Conventional antibiotic-based protocols remain clinically effective...
Centennial African swine fever: A comprehensive overview
June 2026
African swine fever (ASF), caused by African swine fever virus (ASFV), is a highly contagious and often fatal disease that affects domestic pigs and wild boars. Since its initial identification in Kenya...
A narrative review for antibacterials design and modification targeting outer membrane against Gram-negative bacteria
June 2026
With the increasing prevalence of refractory multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacterial infections, the development of novel antibacterials targeting Gram-negative pathogens has become an urgent priority....
Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus megaterium alleviate colitis induced by DSS and depression-like behavior through the modulation of intestinal flora
June 2026
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) induces chronic intestinal inflammation and, in severe cases, may promote the development of colon cancer. IBD is frequently accompanied by psychiatric comorbidities...
A review of the mechanisms by which immune cells, cytokines, and gut microbiota regulate intestinal IgA synthesis
June 2026
Intestinal immunoglobulin A (IgA) is the predominant antibody observed within the intestinal mucosal immune system. It is essential for preserving intestinal homeostasis, protecting against infections,...
Emerging challenges and advances in porcine viral pathogenesis: A decade in review
June 2026
The past decade has witnessed unprecedented challenges posed by porcine viruses, driven by globalization and intensive livestock practices. This review consolidates critical findings from recent literature,...
Giardia duodenalis kinase-STE7 requires ROS- associated AKT/JNK signaling pathway to induce apoptosis in Caco-2 cells
June 2026
Giardia duodenalis is an opportunistic pathogenic parasite that causes giardiasis, characterized by abdominal pain, diarrhea, and indigestion as the primary symptoms. The apoptosis of host epithelial...
Host protein eEF1A1 affected the infection of Cryptosporidium parvum through interacting with CpHSP90
June 2026
Cryptosporidium parvum (C. parvum) is a common protozoan pathogen that causes severe diarrhea in humans and animals. HSP90 plays a key role in eukaryotic growth and development. Previous studies have...
Mechanisms of Transmission and Pathogenesis of Alphaviruses
Available online 28 May 2026
Alphavirus is a genus of single-stranded positive sense RNA viruses, which infect vertebrate animals (humans, horses, rodents etc.) and/or arthropods. Medically important alphaviruses are mainly transmitted...
Multidimensional Pathogenic Mechanisms of Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus: From Cell Invasion to Immune Evasion
Available online 27 May 2026
Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) is a significant economic pathogen capable of establishing persistent infections in cattle, posing a major challenge to global cattle industries. This review systematically...
Advances in Antiviral Agents: A Concise Review
Available online 27 May 2026
Viral infections continue to pose serious threats to global health, agriculture, and ecosystems. The rise of drug-resistant strains highlights the pressing demand for innovative antiviral approaches....
Immunization with the Neospora caninum TKL1-deficient Strain Protects C57BL/6 Mice against Neosporosis
Available online 15 May 2026
Neospora caninum is an apicomplexan protozoan that causes reproductive disorders in cattle and sheep, resulting in serious economic losses worldwide. However, there is still a lack of effective drugs...
Dynamic surface exposure of the fungal-affiliated putative amino acid transporter CpAAT9 in Cryptosporidium parvum
Available online 10 May 2026
Cryptosporidium parvum is an obligate intracellular parasite with highly reduced metabolic capacity and strong dependence on host-derived nutrients. Membrane transporters therefore play essential roles...
Screening and establishment of herbal-derived feed additives against Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae infection in pigs
Available online 28 April 2026
Porcine contagious pleuropneumonia (PCP) caused by Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae (APP) is an acute and highly contagious respiratory disease that poses a significant threat to the global swine industry....
A Capsule-Deficient Klebsiella pneumoniae Strain Reveals Its O-Polysaccharide as a Potent Immunomodulatory and Protective Vaccine Antigen
Available online 22 April 2026
Klebsiella pneumoniae (KP), particularly hypervirulent (hvKP) and multidrug-resistant strains (e.g., Carbapenem-resistant KP, CRKP), poses a severe threat to human and animal health, underscoring the...
Combined application of carbon dots and miRNA-21–5p promotes the resistance of mice to Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae infection by inhibiting macrophage pyroptosis
Available online 5 April 2026
Bacterial pneumonia constitutes a major threat to the healthy development of animal husbandry and public health security. The escalating prevalence of bacterial drug resistance has exacerbated challenges...
Integration-recognition triggered RPA-PfAgo fluorescence biosensor for one-pot detection assemblage A and B of Giardia duodenalis
March 2026
Giardia duodenalis is a common intestinal protozoan that causes diarrhea, vomiting in humans and mammals. Consequently, early diagnosis plays a crucial role in the control giardiasis. Here we combined...
CARS2 modulates cell malignant transformation induced by IFN-γ through manipulation of arginine metabolism in bovine mammary epithelial cells
March 2026
Malignant transformation induced by IFN-γ in bovine mammary epithelial cells (BMECs) is a pathological process that affects multiple cellular functions, including impaired milk fat synthesis. But the...
Confronting bacterial mastitis: From pathogen diversity to sustainable control in the post-antibiotic era
March 2026
Bacterial mastitis (BM) is a purulent inflammatory disease caused by a variety of pathogenic microorganisms, which is common in dairy cows, posing a major threat to animal husbandry. This article reviews...
Flagellin: A crucial virulence factor coordinating bacterial pathogenesis and host immune responses
March 2026
Flagella serve as the motility organs of bacteria, possessing not only the capability to facilitate movement through mechanisms such as rotation and swinging but also playing a crucial role in the establishment...
Structural and functional characterization of reovirus S1 gene-encoded proteins: Implications for viral pathogenesis and rational vaccine design
March 2026
Avian reovirus (ARV) represents a significant avian pathogen that imposes substantial economic burdens on the global poultry industry. Although it is primarily associated with arthritis and tenosynovitis,...
Recent progress on rapid diagnostic methods for viral diseases
March 2026
Viral diseases pose a persistent and evolving threat to global public health, with far-reaching impacts on clinical practice, epidemiology, and socioeconomic stability. Over the past decade, frequent...