Polydeoxyribonucleotide: A promising skin anti-aging agent
December 2022
Polydeoxyribonucleotide (PDRN) consists of DNA fragments with molecular weights ranging from 50 to 1 500 kDa, which are mainly extracted from the sperm cells of salmon trout or chum salmon. Many preclinical...
Longitudinal Melanonychia: How to Distinguish a Malignant Condition from a Benign One
March 2021
Longitudinal melanonychia is not a rare clinical condition. It is mostly characterized by the presence of longitudinal, demarcated, and pigmented bands on the nail unit. The etiology is generally classified...
Eight-year follow-up on postoperative improvement protocol in extensive metoidioplasty transgenders: A case series
September 2023
This study aimed to evaluate the long-term penile size among patients who underwent extensive metoidioplasty....
Different administration routes of tranexamic acid in the treatment of melasma
September 2024
Melasma is a prevalent and challenging skin condition that affects the face and causes distress in many patients and physicians. Tranexamic acid (TA) has been found to be effective for treating melasma...
Comprehensive pathogenesis and clinical therapy in striae distensae: An overview and current perspective
December 2022
The pathogenesis of striae distensae (SD) is complicated and has not yet been fully elucidated. Hormonal changes, overstretched skin, and structural and functional changes in the skin may be crucial...
Dupuytren’s disease: A review
September 2024
Dupuytren’s disease is a well-known benign fibroproliferative disorder that affects the palmar and digital fasciae of the hands. This spectrum includes nodule formation, cord formation, and flexion...
Lipedema: A common though often unrecognized condition
September 2024
Lipedema is a chronic disorder primarily affecting women, characterized by abnormal fat deposition in the extremities, leading to pain, mobility issues, and psychological distress. These fat deposits...
Recent advances in scalable exosome production: Challenges and innovations
September 2025
Exosomes, nanosized extracellular vesicles (30–150 nm), play a crucial role in intercellular communication and are promising biomarkers and therapeutic agents in oncology, neurodegenerative disorders,...
Diagnosis and Treatment of Axillary Web Syndrome: An Overview
June 2020
Axillary web syndrome (AWS) is a self-limiting disease that can occur as an early or possibly late postoperative complication post-axillary surgery. This syndrome is characterized by the spread of the...
Eyelid reconstruction methods: A 10-year review
December 2023
In ophthalmological practice, eyelid reconstruction is often needed because of the presence of defects that arise after the excision of a tumor or after injuries. Various methods for reconstructing...
A review of complications of polyacrylamide hydrogel injection
June 2023
Once a popular injectable filler, polyacrylamide hydrogel (PAAG) has been banned in China since 2006 due to its unclear safety and long-term complications. However, it is still being used worldwide...
Inferior alveolar nerve injury after sagittal split osteotomy of the mandible: A literature review
December 2024
Inferior alveolar nerve (IAN) injury is a serious potential complication of orthognathic surgery because the osteotomy cut-line during sagittal split osteotomy (SSO) of the mandible runs close to the...
Classification of congenital thumb hypoplasia and deformity
December 2021
Congenital thumb deformities account for one-third or more of all cases of congenital hand deformity. However, the current classification schemes of congenital thumb hypoplasia are no longer adequate...
Management of Acute Achilles Tendon Rupture Using the Krackow and Tendon-Bundle Techniques
March 2021
Acute Achilles tendon rupture is a severe injury of the lower extremities; however, optimal treatment options are not yet available. This study aimed to investigate the surgical method and clinical...
Complications Following Facial Thread-Lifting
December 2020
Facial thread-lifting (FTL) is a minimally invasive facial rejuvenation technique. However, to date, no study has focused on the treatment of complications associated with FTL. The purpose of this study...
Classification of and the latest photoelectric therapy for epidermal nevi
June 2022
An epidermal nevus (EN) is a common disease of various types, including verrucous EN, nevus sebaceous, inflammatory linear verrucous EN, Becker nevus, smooth muscle hamartoma, and nevus comedonicus....
The “ARM” principle and practice: Preventing postoperative complications of circumcision
September 2022
As one of the most commonly performed surgical procedures, circumcision may lead to complications. However, studies on preventing postoperative complications are scarce and still insufficient to draw...
Angiomatosis of soft tissue
Available online 7 July 2025
Angiomatosis of soft tissue (AST) is a rare, benign vascular anomaly primarily characterized by extensive mesenchymal hyperplasia with a predilection for the lower extremities. It often presents in...
Mechanisms and Management of Postparalysis Facial Synkinesis
June 2021
Facial synkinesis is one of the most severe sequelae of facial nerve paralysis, and it can result in facial movement disorders, abnormal facial expressions, and even problems of social communication....
Current practice in autologous rib and costal-cartilage harvest for rhinoplasty: A systematic review
March 2024
Autologous costal grafts are used universally in clinical practice for rhinoplasty and reconstruction. However, surgeons worldwide have not agreed on the details of graft harvesting, including rib selection,...
Acute traumatic extratemporal facial nerve injury: A 5-year review
December 2024
Traumatic facial nerve injury is the second leading cause of facial paralysis, presenting significant challenges such as difficulties with eating, speaking, impaired vision, and loss of facial expression....
Classification and reconstructive algorithm for nasal alar defect in Asians
March 2024
The nasal alar defect in Asians remains a challenging issue, as do clear classification and algorithm guidance, despite numerous previously described surgical techniques. The aim of this study is to...
MEK inhibitors for the treatment of extracranial arteriovenous malformations
September 2023
Arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are serious congenital vascular anomalies in which the arteries connect directly with veins without capillaries. This condition will continue to worsen without proper...
Advances in the study of epicanthus correction
March 2024
Epicanthus is a half-moon-shaped skin fold diagonally or vertically distributed in front of the medial canthus. In mild cases, it affects aesthetics, whereas in severe cases, it may obscure the patient’s...