Hydrogen peroxide – A promising oxidizer for rocket propulsion and its application in solid rocket propellants
March 2022
This paper discusses the potential use of hydrogen peroxide as oxidizer for solid rocket propulsion. While hydrogen peroxide is a liquid in normal conditions, it may be used in solid rocket motor grains....
Survey of burning rate measurements in small solid rocket motors
June 2024
Burning rate plays a crucial role in determining the performance of solid rocket motors (SRMs). In the traditional approach for solid propellant propulsion, technical activities regarding burning rates...
Review on the regression rate-improvement techniques and mechanical performance of hybrid rocket fuels
December 2021
Human spaceflight, space tourism, and the launch of microsatellites are all expected to grow in the future. In fact, with the recent increase of the satellite market, almost 1000 smallsats per year...
A short review of challenges and prospects of boron-laden solid fuels for ramjet applications
September 2023
This short review article explores the advancement, challenges, and prospects of boron-laden solid fuel for ramjet. The energetic aspect of boron combustion is well known, but the complications associated...
A mathematical model for estimating the Gurney velocity of chemical high explosives
December 2023
The Gurney velocity is an important performance parameter that characterizes the metal pushing capability of conventional chemical explosives. Herein, this study proposes a mathematical model that aims...
Hybrid rocket propulsion technology for space transportation revisited - propellant solutions and challenges
December 2021
This paper presents the status of developments worldwide regarding use of hybrid rocket motors for space transportation. Historical roots are presented and reasons for revisiting hybrid technology after...
Trinitroethyl nitropyrazole-3-carboxylates
June 2025
Image, graphical abstractThe esterification of nitropyrazole-3-carboxylic acids with 2,2,2-trinitroethyl hydrogen sulfate, prepared in situ from trinitroethanol and sulfurochloridic acid, was realized...
3D printed different polymer fuel grains for hybrid rocket engine
June 2024
The advent of various additive manufacturing technologies, such as 3D printing, has changed the structural design and preparation process of rocket fuels. In order to investigate the combustion properties...
Experimental investigation of the axial oxidizer injectors geometry on a 1-kN paraffin-fueled hybrid rocket motor
December 2021
The showerhead is the most common type of injector used in hybrid rocket motors due to its design and manufacture simplicity. The main drawback of the showerheads (SH) is the relatively low performance...
A review on solid propellant micro-thruster array based on MEMS technology
June 2024
With the development of micro-spacecraft technology, micro-nano satellites have the advantages of small size, low power consumption, short development cycle, formation networking, etc., and can complete...
JWL equation of state parameters for ideal detonation: A comparative study of literature reports, theoretical derivation, and artificial neural network prediction
Available online 9 August 2025
The Jones-Wilkins-Lee (JWL) equation of state (EOS) is widely used for interpreting the energy release during explosive detonation. Focused on the ideal detonation of high explosives, an artificial...
Recent synthetic efforts towards high energy density materials: How to design high-performance energetic structures?
June 2022
Energetic material is a very essential company of compounds, widely used in various fields, primarily in the military industry and space technologies. These compounds are unique in that they are capable...
Boron-loaded gel fuel as potential fuel for ramjet and scramjet engines- recent advancements
September 2024
Boron, a high-energy metalloid has been recognized as a potential secondary energy source for liquid hydrocarbon fuel to power volume-limited propulsion devices such as ramjet and scramjet. The higher...
Development of high burn rate propellant and testing in miniature rocket motor for control applications
June 2024
For aerospace vehicles, notably missiles or satellites for attitude and divert control, impulsive thrusters are most desirable if they are quantized as exact instantaneous pulses available over and...
Performance estimation of hybrid rocket by varying the flow rate at multi-location swirl injector
April 2025
This study attempts to evaluate the effect of varying the oxidizer mass flow rate through the secondary mid-location swirl injector on the performance of a hybrid rocket motor (HRM). The hybrid fuel...
Analytical development to determine vibrational energy levels and dissociation energy of diatomic molecules
August 2025
This study presents the development of an analytical method for calculating vibrational energy levels and dissociation energy of diatomic molecules by solving the Schrödinger equation (SE) via the Floquet...
Numerical optimization of Hall effect thruster with variation in magnetic field
June 2025
In the present study, numerical analyses were conducted to enhance the strength of the magnetic field. While electromagnetic coils and permanent magnets have conventionally been used for this purpose,...
Influence of moisture content on the thermal decomposition kinetics of smokeless gunpowders
August 2025
The present work investigated the effect of moisture content on the thermal decomposition of two smokeless powders. First, the main ingredients of the studied gunpowder formulations were identified...
Recent advances in the synthesis and performance of 1,2,4,5-tetrazine-based energetic materials
March 2023
In recent years, the development of novel advanced energetic materials has significantly shifted toward nitrogen heterocyclic derivatives, which demonstrate a great potential for multipurpose application...
Advancing nitrocellulose thermal stability through the incorporation of ion-exchanged ZSM-5 zeolite for enhanced performance
June 2025
In this study, cellulose nitrate (NC), a highly energetic polymer, was supplemented with two distinct classes of stabilizing agents: the usual diphenylamine (DPA) and zeolite molecular sieves (ZSM-5)...
Research on the application of azido-based energetic plasticizer 1,5-diazido-3-oxopentane in polyether-based solid propellants
Available online 14 August 2025
1,5-Diazido-3-oxopentane (AZDEGDN) is a promising energetic plasticizer widely used in explosive formulations due to its low sensitivity, low glass transition temperature, and high thermal stability....
Combustion of HTPB-based solid fuels containing Viton-coated Boron for hybrid rocket applications
August 2025
The performance of hybrid rocket propulsion systems can be significantly enhanced by incorporating metal additives in solid fuels. This study investigates the ignition, combustion, and regression rate...
Thermal decomposition kinetics and combustion performance of paraffin-based fuel in the presence of CeO2 catalyst
September 2023
In recent years, significant developments have been made in solid-fuel combustion. Paraffin-based fuels could be a potential solid fuel for hybrid and ramjet applications due to their high regression...
Optimization design in single wagon-wheel fuel grain of hybrid rocket motor
December 2021
The grain design of hybrid rocket motor is a design of proper fuel grain geometry and flow adjustment scheme based on the total impulse, thrust, chamber pressure, length and outer diameter of combustion...