Hybrid rocket propulsion technology for space transportation revisited - propellant solutions and challenges
December 2021
This paper presents the status of developments worldwide regarding use of hybrid rocket motors for space transportation. Historical roots are presented and reasons for revisiting hybrid technology after...
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Review on the regression rate-improvement techniques and mechanical performance of hybrid rocket fuels
December 2021
Human spaceflight, space tourism, and the launch of microsatellites are all expected to grow in the future. In fact, with the recent increase of the satellite market, almost 1000 smallsats per year...
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Hydrogen peroxide – A promising oxidizer for rocket propulsion and its application in solid rocket propellants
March 2022
This paper discusses the potential use of hydrogen peroxide as oxidizer for solid rocket propulsion. While hydrogen peroxide is a liquid in normal conditions, it may be used in solid rocket motor grains....
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Recent synthetic efforts towards high energy density materials: How to design high-performance energetic structures?
June 2022
Energetic material is a very essential company of compounds, widely used in various fields, primarily in the military industry and space technologies. These compounds are unique in that they are capable...
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Phase transition and thermal expansion of molecular perovskite energetic crystal (C6N2H14)(NH4)(ClO4)3 (DAP-4)
Available online 19 January 2022
Research on the structural responses to thermal stimuli for crystalline energetic materials is crucial to their practical applications. DAP-4 is a metal-free molecular perovskite high-energetic material...
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Flow of nitrous oxide in a venturi tube under conditions of a hybrid rocket motor
December 2021
A Venturi tube is typically used as the flow control element of hybrid rocket motors (HRMs) for the precise control of the flow of a liquid oxidizer, e.g., nitrous oxide, which can efficiently realize...
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Development of 200 N-class throttleable hybrid rocket motor for lunar module application
December 2021
In this study, ground tests of a lab-scale hybrid rocket motor were conducted to verify the feasibility of the hybrid propulsion system for lunar lander application. The primary goal is to assess the...
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Review and prospect of thermal analysis technology applied to study thermal properties of energetic materials
September 2021
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Experimental investigation of the axial oxidizer injectors geometry on a 1-kN paraffin-fueled hybrid rocket motor
December 2021
The showerhead is the most common type of injector used in hybrid rocket motors due to its design and manufacture simplicity. The main drawback of the showerheads (SH) is the relatively low performance...
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Experimental investigation of erosion rate of insulation materials using hybrid rockets
December 2021
Thermal insulation is essential to protect the exposed surface from high-temperature and high heat flux situations. The selection of suitable insulation materials plays a crucial role in determining...
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Burn rate of a novel boron-AN-water green solid propellant
March 2022
A novel composition of green solid rocket propellant has been suggested and examined. Boron powder was chosen to serve as fuel, for its very high energetic potential, which exceeds that of other common...
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Failure mode analysis of electronic detonator under high overload condition
June 2022
Under different overload conditions, the split Hopkins method was used to test the high overload performance of the electronic detonator and the failure status of each electronic detonator component...
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Optimization design in single wagon-wheel fuel grain of hybrid rocket motor
December 2021
The grain design of hybrid rocket motor is a design of proper fuel grain geometry and flow adjustment scheme based on the total impulse, thrust, chamber pressure, length and outer diameter of combustion...
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Recent progresses in material fabrication and modification by cold plasma technique
Available online 15 January 2022
Carbon-based materials, metal oxides and metal nanoparticles have been widely used in propellants, explosives and pyrotechnics. Cold plasma technique has been developed for material fabrication and...
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Molecular simulation study on the protective mechanism of three kinds of HTPB propellant antioxidants
March 2022
To investigate the protection mechanism and performance of N-phenyl-1-naphthalenamine (antioxidant A), N-phenyl-2-naphthalene (antioxidant D), and N, N'-diphenyl-1,4-phenylenediamine (antioxidant H)...
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The catalysis effects of acetylacetone complexes on polymer matrix of HTPB-based fuels
December 2021
The slow regression rate caused by the difficulty of pyrolysis can not meet the practical application requirements of hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene (HTPB)-based fuels in hybrid rocket propulsion....
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Effect of spherical Al-Mg-Zr on the combustion characteristics of composite propellants
March 2022
In this work, spherical Al-Mg-Zr alloy with intensive heat release were characterized and compared to neat Al powders. The morphology, element distribution and thermal performance were characterized...
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Massive preparation and characteristics of submicron dihydroxylammonium 5,5′-bistetrazole-1,1′-diolate (TKX-50)
September 2021
Image, graphical abstractSubmicron TKX-50 with average particle size of 120 nm was massively prepared by low-temperature ball milling technique. The prepared TKX-50 was spherical-like with no change...
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On prediction of melting points without computer simulation: A focus on energetic molecular crystals
June 2022
•Two models for prediction of melting points of molecular crystals are developed.•Models 1and 2 provide RMSE ≥ 54 and 57 °C, respectively.•Model 2 does not include any predictable values, only tabulated...
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Experimental Investigation on Flow Boiling Heat Transfer Characteristics of Endothermic Hydrocarbon Fuel and its Visualization at High-Temperature Conditions
Available online 4 March 2022
The endothermic hydrocarbon fuel is used as a coolant to realize active cooling for the high-heat-flux components of air-breathing hypersonic vehicles. Because of its complex composition and severe...
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On the liquid layer instability process in hybrid rocket fuels
December 2021
This work is focused on the study of the combustion mechanism of a class of fast-burning fuels, the so-called liquefying fuels, in hybrid rocket engines. The typical diffusive flame of this kind of...
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An efficient energy characteristics and explosion heat improving method of FOX-7-based aluminized explosives
March 2021
Exploring new composite explosives based on 1,1-diamino-2,2-dinitroethylene (FOX-7) is significant in the field of insensitive high explosives (IHE). Despite having good detonation performance compared...
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Atomic insight into the thermobaric effect of aluminized explosives
June 2022
•The atomic insight into the thermobaric effect was firstly presented.•It was found that whole thermobaric explosion of the RDX-Al system can be simplified as the sum of the RDX decomposition and the...
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Recent Advances in Hypergolic Ionic Liquids with Broad Potential for Propellant Applications
Available online 4 April 2022
As a promising choice of new-generation green propellant fuels, hypergolic ionic liquids (HILs) have attracted a great deal of interest in recent ten years, illustrated by their applications in the...
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Nano BaSO4 prepared by microreactor and its effect on thermal decomposition of some energetics
June 2022
Barium sulfate has been widely used in different fields due to its excellent physical and chemical properties, but its application in solid propellants has not yet been explored. In this work, novel...
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