Maternal ancestry and lineages diversity of the Santander population from Colombia
2023
Santander, located in the Andean region of Colombia, is one of the 32 departments of the country. Its population was shaped by intercontinental admixture between autochthonous native Americans, European...
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Comparison of decision tree and naïve Bayes algorithms in detecting trace residue of gasoline based on gas chromatography–mass spectrometry data
2023
Fire debris analysis aims to detect and identify any ignitable liquid residues in burnt residues collected at a fire scene. Typically, the burnt residues are analysed using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry...
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Neuropathology consultation rates in medico-legal autopsies show substantial within-country variation—a nationwide Finnish study
2023
Neuropathology consultations are an essential part of medico-legal cause-of-death investigations. However, there are little data on the rates of neuropathological examinations in medico-legal autopsies....
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Prediction of chronological age and its applications in forensic casework: methods, current practices, and future perspectives
2023
Estimating an individual’s age can be relevant in several areas primarily related to the clinical and forensic fields. In the latter, estimation of an individual’s chronological age from biological...
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The role of microorganisms in the biotransformation of psychoactive substances and its forensic relevance: a critical interdisciplinary review
2023
Microorganisms are widespread on the planet being able to adapt, persist, and grow in diverse environments, either rich in nutrient sources or under harsh conditions. The comprehension of the interaction...
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Hidden lesions: a case of burnt remains
2023
One of the many challenging cases that forensic pathologists, anthropologists, and forensic imaging experts have to face are burnt human remains. Perpetrators frequently attempt to hide/destroy evidence...
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Sequence-based mutation patterns at 41 Y chromosomal STRs in 2 548 father–son pairs
2023
A total of 2 548 unrelated healthy father–son pairs from a Northern Han Chinese population were genotyped at 41 Y chromosomal short tandem repeat (Y-STRs) including DYS19, DYS388, DYS389I, DYS389II,...
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ChatGPT in forensic sciences: a new Pandora’s box with advantages and challenges to pay attention
2023
ChatGPT is a variant of the generative pre-trained transformer (GPT) language model that uses large amounts of text-based training data and a transformer architecture to generate human-like text adjusted...
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Internal validation of an improved system for forensic application: a 41-plex Y-STR panel
2023
Y-chromosome short tandem repeats (Y-STRs) have a unique role in forensic investigation. However, low–medium mutating Y-STRs cannot meet the requirements for male lineage differentiation in inbred populations,...
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Homicide among Indigenous females in North Carolina: a comparison of publicly generated data and violent death reporting system
2023
Like other minoritized populations, American Indian/Alaska Native (AI/AN) females experience disparate morbidity and mortality outcomes to that of the general US population. This study identified discrepancies...
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Combined metabolomics and tandem machine-learning models for wound age estimation: a novel analytical strategy
2023
Wound age estimation is one of the most challenging and indispensable issues for forensic pathologists. Although many methods based on physical findings and biochemical tests can be used to estimate...
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Accuracy comparison of tooth volume and mesiodistal diameter measurements for sex dimorphism based on cone-beam computed tomography: a study for the northern Chinese population
2023
Sex estimation based on teeth could help to narrow the scope for individual identification. According to the different teeth morphology among both genders, we plan to establish a sex estimation method...
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Work-related stress amongst legal medical doctors: the need for systematic psychological support. An Italian perspective
2023
Legal medical doctors (LMDs) expertise encompasses a wide range of responsibilities. Work-related stress amongst LMDs is an extremely relevant factor, which affects the quality of LMDs life and work....
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Understanding the challenges of disaster victim identification: perspectives of Australian forensic practitioners
2023
Disaster victim identification (DVI) is an important process in the aftermath of disasters to provide answers for the families and communities of victims. Australian forensic practitioners contribute...
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Children’s outcomes in road traffic accidents: challenges for personal injury assessment
2023
Children represent a specific group of road traffic accident (RTA) victims. Performing a personal injury assessment (PIA) on a child presents a significant challenge, especially when assessing permanent...
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A deep learning-based automatic tool for measuring the lengths of linear scars: forensic applications
2023
It is important to measure scars in forensic and clinical medicine. In practice, scars are mostly manually measured, and the results are diverse and influenced by various subjective factors. With the...
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A consistent methodology for forensic photogrammetry scanning of human remains using a single handheld DSLR camera
2023
Due to increasingly capable algorithms and more available processing power, photogrammetry is becoming a simple, cheap, and accurate alternative to 3D optical surface scanning. With adequate application,...
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Oral health professional intervention and child physical abuse—European legal approach
2023
Physical violence against children and adolescents is an issue of Global Public Health. This study aims to identify traumatic injuries and the medicolegal temporary framework of the victim’s profile...
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What can the eyes tell us about atypical sexual preferences as a function of sex and age? Linking eye movements with child-related chronophilias
2023
Visual attention plays a central role in current theories of sexual information processing and is key to informing the use of eye-tracking techniques in the study of typical sexual preferences and more...
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Trotter and Gleser’s (1958) equations outperform Trotter and Gleser’s (1952) equations in stature estimation of the US White males
2023
Trotter and Gleser presented two sets of stature estimation equations for the US White males in their 1952 and 1958 studies. Following Trotter’s suggestion favouring the 1952 equations simply due to...
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Improving the strategy to identify historical military remains: a literature review and Y-STR meta-analysis
2023
The identification of historical military remains by Unrecovered War Casualties—Army (UWC-A) currently relies on Y-chromosome Short Tandem Repeat (Y-STR) testing when maternal relatives are not available,...
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Bullet ricochet mark plan-view morphology in concrete: an experimental assessment of five bullet types and two distances using machine learning
2023
Bullet ricochets are common occurrences during shooting incidents and can provide a wealth of information useful for shooting incident reconstruction. However, there have only been a small number of...
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Assessing the shooting distance of lead-free ammunition regardless of composition using Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy
2023
At present, it is challenging to accurately determine firearm shooting distances in the case that lead-free ammunition is involved, largely because different manufacturers use different primer compositions....
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Reproducibility of human landmark identification in morphological mandible prototypes: major parameters for a 3D CBCT approach
2023
The establishment of anthropometric measurements is of fundamental importance for the correct identification of human bodies. The objective of this study was to evaluate the accuracy and reliability...
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