Comparative review of selected health technology assessment agencies: Features and insights for health technology assessment development and improvement
June 2026
Health technology assessment (HTA) is increasingly used to guide coverage and pricing decisions, but many countries lack formal HTA agencies or rely on fragmented processes. This study aims to compare...
Impacts of China’s National Volume-Based Procurement policy on the pharmaceutical industry: A systematic review
June 2025
The emergence of China’s National Volume-Based Procurement (NVBP) signifies a historic transformation in the pricing mechanism of the largest single pharmaceutical market. A comprehensive literature...
Impact of China’s drug innovation policy on patent quantity and quality: Evidence from a representative chemical pharmaceutical enterprise
December 2025
The number of patent applications reflects the intensity of innovation activity, and patent quality indicates the level of innovation capability. Both indicators are used to evaluate the effectiveness...
A comparative analysis of EQ-5D-5L general population norms across 23 countries: Gender and age disparities
March 2025
To explore health disparities among populations across countries, the study compared the 5-level EuroQol 5-dimensions version (EQ-5D-5L) population norms across 23 countries and identified differences...
Cost-effectiveness analysis of multiple fall prevention interventions for older adults in China: A Markov model approach
June 2026
We evaluated the long-term health outcomes and economic value of multiple fall prevention strategies for older adults in China to inform community-based resource allocation. From a societal perspective,...
Pharmacoeconomic evaluation for Chinese medicine products: Progress, challenges, and suggestions
June 2026
Pharmacoeconomic evaluation is essential for integrating Chinese medicine products into health systems. Despite notable progress in research output and quality over the past decade, methodological challenges...
Current clinical practice including treatment patterns and pathways in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis patients in China: A real-world analysis
March 2026
In China, limited real-world evidence exists regarding treatment practices, clinical pathways, and disease burden for patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). This study seeks to describe...
Ethical compliance of drug promotional literature using WHO criteria: Implications for medicines policy and rational use
June 2026
Drug promotional literature (DPL) is one of the most common sources of drug information for healthcare professionals. However, incomplete or selective presentation of information may prevent balanced...
The effect of USA state generic substitution laws on the generic utilization and market competition
March 2025
Prescribing generic drugs in lieu of brand-name drugs serves as a potential strategy to manage prescription drug costs. This research endeavors to ascertain whether mandatory generic substitution policies...
Barriers and facilitators to accessing medicines in the UK: A qualitative study evaluating pharmaceutical industry perspectives
Available online 4 September 2026
Access to medicines in the UK is influenced by complex processes, including licensing, health technology assessment (HTA), and reimbursement. This qualitative study explores pharmaceutical industry...
Linked pharmacometrics-pharmacoeconomics model for cost-effectiveness analysis of tacrolimus in liver transplant patients from real-world data
June 2026
Tacrolimus (TAC) is an essential immunosuppressant for preventing graft failure after liver transplantation, but its narrow therapeutic window, high cost, and metabolism by CYP3A4/3A5 create challenges...
Advances in online cost-effectiveness analysis models and AI-assisted decision support tools: A mixed-methods study with implications for China
Available online 4 September 2026
To optimize pharmacoeconomic tools used in China’s National Reimbursement Drug List (NRDL) negotiations, this study reviewed the development of online cost-effectiveness analysis (CEA) models and related...
Assessing the suitability of generative AI in the execution of literature retrieval within literature reviews
March 2025
ChatGPT is a natural language processing tool that creates human-like conversations, responds to questions, and creates written content when prompted by the end-user. As ChatGPT is trained on published...
Direct oral anticoagulants in cancer-associated thrombosis: A systematic review of cost-effectiveness studies
December 2025
Cancer-associated thrombosis (CAT) is common in cancer patients and leads to higher morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs. This systematic review assessed cost-effectiveness analyses (CEAs) that...
Disease burden of pulmonary arterial hypertension attributable to three factors based on the Global Burden of Disease 2021
June 2026
Despite improvements in survival rates for pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), its contribution to the mortality from chronic diseases remains significant, imposing a substantial medical and economic...
Disease burden and productivity loss of T2DM in the Western Pacific region from 1990 to 2050: A modeling study using GBD 2021
March 2026
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) exhibits a notably high prevalence across the Western Pacific region, resulting in considerable disease burden and substantial productivity losses. Accordingly, the present...
Temporal trends and hierarchical disparities of antibiotic utilization patterns: A longitudinal analysis in Shanghai, 2017−2024
June 2026
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a critical public health threat. As a densely populated megacity, Shanghai exhibits complex patterns of antibiotic consumption. This study evaluated temporal trends...
Anticipating a regional shift: Preparing the pharmaceutical industry for real-world evidence requirements across East Asia analogous to a Conditional Reimbursement List framework
June 2026
•The CRL in Taiwan, China is a structured RWE-linked reimbursement model in East Asia.•Cost, aging, and uncertainty drive CRL-like shifts across East Asia.•Pharmaceuticals must shift to lifecycle RWE...
Study on the disease burden and influencing factors of patients with paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria in China
June 2025
Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) is a rare, chronic, and life-threatening hematologic disorder that affects individuals across all age groups, resulting in significant long-term healthcare...
Refining a precision medicine economic evaluation framework: Insights from a multi-stakeholder consultative workshop
Available online 3 September 2026
A reference case (RC), hereafter referred to as population, intervention, comparator, costs, outcomes, time, ethics and equity, adaptability, modeling (PICCOTEAM) RC, was developed to guide the conduct...
Health literacy as a driver of health outcomes and economic burden among patients visiting community pharmacies in Pakistan
Available online 1 September 2026
Health literacy (HL) is a critical determinant of health outcomes, influencing individuals' ability to understand health information, make informed decisions, and engage in self-care practices. By understanding...
Cost-effectiveness analysis of bevifibatide for patients with acute coronary syndrome undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention in China
March 2026
This study evaluated the cost-effectiveness of bevifibatide versus eptifibatide for acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in China. A 30-day decision...
Setting the annual treatment cost negotiation threshold for high-value innovative drugs from an opportunity cost perspective: A case study in high-value innovative oncology drugs
December 2025
Given that the current annual treatment cost threshold in China restricts price negotiations for some high-value innovative drugs, patients with related conditions often experience limited treatment...
Catastrophic health expenditure and health-related quality of life among patients with chronic diseases: The moderation effect of family doctor contract services
June 2025
This study evaluated the impact of catastrophic health expenditure (CHE) on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among chronic disease patients and examined the moderating role of family doctor contract...