Comparative review of selected health technology assessment agencies: Features and insights for health technology assessment development and improvement
Available online 12 June 2026
Health technology assessment (HTA) is increasingly used to guide coverage and pricing decisions, but many countries lack formal HTA agencies or rely on fragmented processes. This study aims to compare...
Linked pharmacometrics-pharmacoeconomics (PMPE) model for cost-effectiveness analysis of tacrolimus in liver transplant patients from real-world data
Available online 12 June 2026
Tacrolimus (TAC) is an essential immunosuppressant for preventing graft failure after liver transplantation, but its narrow therapeutic window, high cost, and metabolism by CYP3A4/3A5 create challenges...
Disease burden of pulmonary arterial hypertension attributable to three factors based on the Global Burden of Disease 2021
Available online 11 June 2026
Despite improvements in survival rates for pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), its contribution to the mortality from chronic diseases remains significant, imposing a substantial medical and economic...
Cost-effectiveness analysis of multiple fall prevention interventions for older adults in China: A Markov model approach
Available online 11 June 2026
We evaluated the long-term health outcomes and economic value of multiple fall prevention strategies for older adults in China to inform community-based resource allocation. From a societal perspective,...
Ethical compliance of drug promotional literature using WHO criteria: Implications for medicines policy and rational use
Available online 10 June 2026
Drug promotional literature (DPL) is one of the most common sources of drug information for healthcare professionals. However, incomplete or selective presentation of information may prevent balanced...
Pharmacoeconomic evaluation for Chinese medicine products: Progress, challenges, and suggestions
Available online 10 June 2026
Pharmacoeconomic evaluation is essential for integrating Chinese medicine products into health systems. Despite notable progress in research output and quality over the past decade, methodological challenges...
Temporal trends and hierarchical disparities of antibiotic utilization patterns: A longitudinal analysis in Shanghai, 2017−2024
Available online 10 June 2026
Antimicrobial resistance is a critical public health threat. As a densely populated megacity, Shanghai exhibits complex patterns of antibiotic consumption. This study evaluated temporal trends and hierarchical...
Anticipating a regional shift: Preparing the pharmaceutical industry for real-world evidence requirements across East Asia analogous to a Conditional Reimbursement List framework
Available online 9 June 2026
•The CRL in Taiwan, China is a structured RWE-linked reimbursement model in East Asia.•Cost, aging, and uncertainty drive CRL-like shifts across East Asia.•Pharmaceuticals must shift to lifecycle RWE...
Cost-effectiveness analysis of toripalimab plus bevacizumab versus sorafenib as first-line treatment for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma in China
March 2026
This study sought to conduct an evaluation of the cost-effectiveness of toripalimab plus bevacizumab versus sorafenib in the treatment of patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in the...
Disease burden and productivity loss of T2DM in the Western Pacific region from 1990 to 2050: A modeling study using GBD 2021
March 2026
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) exhibits a notably high prevalence across the Western Pacific region, resulting in considerable disease burden and substantial productivity losses. Accordingly, the present...
Cost-effectiveness of clopidogrel in patients with acute coronary syndrome undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention: A systematic review
March 2026
Clopidogrel is widely prescribed to individuals with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) treated using percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). This systematic review aims to synthesize existing economic...
Clinical burden and health-related quality of life in Chinese patients with mucopolysaccharidosis type II under 16 years
March 2026
This study assessed the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of Chinese patients with mucopolysaccharidosis type II (MPS II) and explored key factors associated with HRQoL. A cross-sectional survey...
Current clinical practice including treatment patterns and pathways in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis patients in China: A real-world analysis
March 2026
In China, limited real-world evidence exists regarding treatment practices, clinical pathways, and disease burden for patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). This study seeks to describe...
Cost-effectiveness analysis of bevifibatide for patients with acute coronary syndrome undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention in China
March 2026
This study evaluated the cost-effectiveness of bevifibatide versus eptifibatide for acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in China. A 30-day decision...
Impact of China’s drug innovation policy on patent quantity and quality: Evidence from a representative chemical pharmaceutical enterprise
December 2025
The number of patent applications reflects the intensity of innovation activity, and patent quality indicates the level of innovation capability. Both indicators are used to evaluate the effectiveness...
Setting the annual treatment cost negotiation threshold for high-value innovative drugs from an opportunity cost perspective: A case study in high-value innovative oncology drugs
December 2025
Given that the current annual treatment cost threshold in China restricts price negotiations for some high-value innovative drugs, patients with related conditions often experience limited treatment...
Health-related quality of life and economic burden of hospitalized children with meningitis in China: A multiregional study
December 2025
Meningitis is a serious disease and it brings challenges to the health system worldwide. The aim was to estimate the health-related quality of life (HRQOL) and economic burden of children with meningitis...
A five-year study of distribution and determinants of high-cost users of prescription drugs in Côte d’Ivoire
December 2025
A small proportion of people account for a significant share of prescription drug expenditures. These individuals, commonly referred to as high-cost users (HCUs), are a key focus of initiatives designed...
Direct oral anticoagulants in cancer-associated thrombosis: A systematic review of cost-effectiveness studies
December 2025
Cancer-associated thrombosis (CAT) is common in cancer patients and leads to higher morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs. This systematic review assessed cost-effectiveness analyses (CEAs) that...
An empirical study of value evaluation by multi-criteria decision analysis for orphan medicinal product
September 2025
In this study, we aim to conduct an empirical study on the comprehensive value of specific orphan medicinal products (OMPs) based on the constructed multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) framework,...
Cost-effectiveness of revascularization interventions for patients with stable coronary artery diseases: A critical review of the evidence and methodologies
September 2025
Stable coronary artery disease (CAD) is a major global cause of morbidity and mortality, and while revascularization strategies such as coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and percutaneous coronary...
What is the impact of Inflation Reduction Act negotiated prices for non-insulin diabetes drugs on Louisiana Medicare costs? A forecasting model analysis
September 2025
The increasing costs of prescription drugs in the United States (U.S.) have emerged as a critical focal point of American health policy. To combat these costs, the Biden Administration passed the Inflation...
Prevalence and determinants of polypharmacy in Côte d′Ivoire: Findings from a retrospective insurance claims analysis
September 2025
Polypharmacy is a risk factor for adverse drug reactions, drug interactions, falls, hospitalizations, and treatment failure. It can also increase health costs. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence...
Health-related quality of life in pediatric liver transplant recipients undergoing immunosuppressive therapy: Findings from a cross-sectional study
September 2025
With the significant improvement in survival rates after pediatric liver transplantation (LT), health-related quality of life (HRQoL) has emerged as a critical outcome measure, though comprehensive...