Towards understanding the tropical cyclone life cycle
June 2025
Conceptual frameworks are discussed for understanding the physics of the tropical cyclone life cycle in an idealized, three-dimensional, numerical simulation in a quiescent environment. Both axisymmetric...
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Can one reconcile the classical theories and the WISHE theories of tropical cyclone intensification?
June 2025
An effort is made to reconcile the classical balance theories of tropical cyclone intensification by Shapiro and Willoughby and Schubert and Hack and the various prognostic (or WISHE-) theories of Emanuel....
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Tropical cyclone activities in the western North Pacific in 2023
June 2025
Using the best-track dataset from the Shanghai Typhoon Institute/China Meteorological Administration, the paper presents a detailed summary and analysis of tropical cyclone (TC) activities in the Western...
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Assessment of the impacts of Super Typhoon Saola and the record-breaking rainstorm due to the remnant of Severe Typhoon Haikui on Hong Kong in September 2023
June 2025
In early September 2023, Hong Kong was severely impacted by the ferocious strike of Super Typhoon Saola on 1–2 September and the phenomenal rainstorm on 7–8 September triggered by the remnant of TC...
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Assessing the impact of climate change on land-falling tropical cyclones (LFTCs) over the North Indian Ocean (NIO) and their effects on coastal agriculture in Maharashtra: A case study
June 2025
The intensity of tropical cyclonic storms formed over the North Indian Ocean (NIO) has increased over the last two decades. The increasing severity of cyclonic storms has serious socioeconomic and agricultural...
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Ensemble deep learning models for tropical cyclone intensity prediction using heterogeneous datasets
March 2025
The prediction of the Tropical Cyclone (TC) intensity helps the government to take proper precautions and disseminate appropriate warnings to civilians. Intensity prediction for TC is a very challenging...
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Impact of twin typhoons on the upper ocean environment across the Northwest Pacific ocean
March 2025
Two typhoons, Saola and Damrey, moved across the Northwest Pacific Ocean (NPO) between July 27, 2012, and August 4, 2012. During this period, the oceanographic response was studied. The study examined...
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Evaluation of operational extended range forecast of cyclogenesis over the north Indian Ocean
March 2025
The performance of the operational extended range forecast issued by the India Meteorological Department in the nil, low, moderate and high categories of probability of cyclogenesis has been evaluated...
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Assessment of an Extreme Heavy Rainfall over Meghalaya, India on 16th& 17th June 2022: A case study using Meteorological and Remote Sensing observations
March 2025
The investigation of extreme weather phenomena is an important scientific field that incorporates multiple disciplines due to their significant impacts on various sectors and society as a whole. There...
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Rapid intensification of the Super Cyclone Amphan: Environmental drivers and its future projections
March 2025
Tropical cyclones are intense weather systems that originate over warm tropical oceans and they alter the dynamical, chemical, and biological state of the oceans. Here, the reasons for the rapid intensification...
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The mean and extreme tropical cyclone wave climate throughout the Coral Sea, from 1979 to 2020
March 2025
Here we present a mean and extreme tropical cyclone (TC)-generated wave climate for the Coral Sea (the oceanic basin east of Australia), for 1979–2020. An available WAVEWATCH III® hindcast model dataset...
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Comparative analysis of kinetic energy budget of Typhoons Yagi and Rumbia
March 2025
In this paper, the ERA-Interim reanalysis data at six-hourly intervals (with a horizontal resolution of 0.25° × 0.25°) and typhoon best track datasets are used to conduct a comparative kinetic energy...
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A method to automatically ascertain the identities of tropical cyclones in tropical cyclone warning messages
December 2024
In the operational forecasting of tropical cyclones (TCs), decoding TC warning messages from global centers, along with extracting, organizing, and storing useful track observations and forecasts, are...
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Sub-seasonal variability of tropical cyclone landfall characteristics on the west coast of the Bay of Bengal during October–December: The role of La Niña and El Niño
December 2024
Tropical cyclones (TCs) create more disasters when they make landfall. Climatologically, the west coast of the Bay of Bengal (BoB), one of the most densely populated geographical regions over the globe,...
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Hindcasting the typhoon haiyan storm surge in coastal eastern leyte
December 2024
This study introduces the ‘Zero-Point Boundary’ method to map the 2013 Typhoon Haiyan storm surge in coastal eastern Leyte. Utilising the ‘Rivera Dispersive Wave Model’ or RDM, we interpolated simulated...
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Application research of wind profile radar in short-term heavy rainfall forecast of typhoon in Fujian Province
December 2024
Based on wind profile radar data, this paper aims at different typhoon processes landed and affected Fujian from 2011 to 2019, according to the nature of typhoon rainstorm, it can be classified into...
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Projections of future tropical cyclone landfalling activity in the East Asia region
December 2024
This study reveals the possible future changes in tropical cyclone (TC) landfalling activity along the East Asian coast under different climate change scenarios based on global circulation model (GCM)...
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Development of strong asymmetric convection leading to rapid intensification of tropical cyclones
December 2024
Recent intensifying tropical cyclones around the globe are analysed to examine the observed winds structure in their inner core. The winds in sectors with strong bands of thunderstorms were observed...
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Assessing global ensemble systems’ forecasts of tropical cyclone genesis in differing environmental flow regimes in the western North Pacific
December 2024
The forecast probability of tropical cyclone (TC) genesis in the western North Pacific from 2017 to 2020 was investigated using global ensembles from the Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA), the European...
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Analysing the atmospheric-oceanic conditions driving the sustained long track and intensity of Tropical Cyclone Freddy
December 2024
During February–March 2023, the record-breaking tropical cyclone (TC) Freddy caused widespread flooding and damages across southeastern Africa. While <5 % of TCs make landfall into southern Africa,...
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A theoretical method to characterize the resistance effects of nonflat terrain on wind fields in a parametric wind field model for tropical cyclones
September 2024
Traditionally, an empirical speed-up factor was introduced to reflect the effects of nonflat terrain on near-surface wind speeds. In this paper, the resistance effects of nonflat terrain are considered...
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Comparative analysis of heavy rainfall area between landfalling typhoon LUPIT (2109) and typhoon LISA (9610)
September 2024
Based on the ERA5 reanalysis data and the surface observations from automatic weather stations, a comparative analysis has been conducted to investigate the differences in heavy rainfall distributions...
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Variations in gust factor with wind direction and height based on the measurements from a coastal tower during three landfalling typhoons
September 2024
Using high-frequency onshore wind data from four different heights of a coastal tower, the variations in gust factor with turbulence intensity, height and wind speed were studied under typhoon conditions....
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Case study of high waves in the South Pacific generated by Tropical Cyclone Harold in 2020
September 2024
This study highlighted a high wave case by severe tropical cyclone Harold and conducted a simulation with a newly developed wave forecasting system for the South Pacific based on the Japan Meteorological...
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Analysis of characteristics and evaluation of forecast accuracy for Super Typhoon Doksuri (2023)
September 2024
Super Typhoon Doksuri is a significant meteorological challenge for China this year due to its strong intensity and wide influence range, as well as significant and prolonged hazards. In this work,...
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