Reverse genetics systems for SARS-CoV-2: Development and applications
December 2023
The recent emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) caused serious harm to human health and struck a blow to global economic development. Research on SARS-CoV-2 has...
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Monkeypox virus: a re-emergent threat to humans
August 2022
Human monkeypox (MPX) is a rare zoonotic infection characterized by smallpox-like signs and symptoms. It is caused by monkeypox virus (MPXV), a double stranded DNA virus belonging to the genus Orthopoxvirus....
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Regulation of antiviral immune response by African swine fever virus (ASFV)
April 2022
African swine fever (ASF) is a highly contagious and acute hemorrhagic viral disease with a high mortality approaching 100% in domestic pigs. ASF is an endemic in countries in sub-Saharan Africa. Now,...
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Updates on CRISPR-based gene editing in HIV-1/AIDS therapy
February 2022
Although tremendous efforts have been made to prevent and treat HIV-1 infection, HIV-1/AIDS remains a major threat to global human health. The combination antiretroviral therapy (cART), although able...
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A novel bat coronavirus with a polybasic furin-like cleavage site
June 2023
The current pandemic of COVID-19 caused by a novel coronavirus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), threatens human health around the world. Of particular concern is that bats...
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SARS-CoV-2-specific T cell responses wane profoundly in convalescent individuals 10 months after primary infection
August 2023
A key question in the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is the duration of specific T cell responses against the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) post primary...
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Single-cell RNA sequencing to understand host-virus interactions
February 2024
Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) has allowed for the profiling of host and virus transcripts and host-virus interactions at single-cell resolution. This review summarizes the existing scRNA-seq...
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Nano-bubble hydrogen water: An effective therapeutic agent against inflammation related disease caused by viral infection in zebrafish model
April 2022
Since the anti-inflammatory effect of hydrogen has been widely known, it was supposed that hydrogen could suppress tissue damage by inhibiting virus-related inflammatory reactions. However, hydrogen...
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Revisiting influenza A virus life cycle from a perspective of genome balance
February 2023
Influenza A virus (IAV) genome comprises eight negative-sense RNA segments, of which the replication is well orchestrated and the delicate balance of multiple segments are dynamically regulated throughout...
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PRRSV degrades MDA5 via dual autophagy receptors P62 and CCT2 to evade antiviral innate immunity
April 2024
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) is a major economically devastating pathogen that has evolved various strategies to evade innate immunity. Downregulation of antiviral interferon...
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Cross-species transmission and host range genes in poxviruses
April 2024
The persistent epidemic of human mpox, caused by mpox virus (MPXV), raises concerns about the future spread of MPXV and other poxviruses. MPXV is a typical zoonotic virus which can infect human and...
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Viromes of Haemaphysalis longicornis reveal different viral abundance and diversity in free and engorged ticks
April 2024
Haemaphysalis longicornis ticks, commonly found in East Asia, can transmit various pathogenic viruses, including the severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV) that has caused febrile...
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Recent advances in understanding T cell activation and exhaustion during HBV infection
December 2023
Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection remains a major public health concern globally, and T cell responses are widely believed to play a pivotal role in mediating HBV clearance. Accordingly, research...
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Interconnection of cellular autophagy and endosomal vesicle trafficking and its role in hepatitis B virus replication and release
February 2024
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) produces and releases various particle types, including complete virions, subviral particles with envelope proteins, and naked capsids. Recent studies demonstrate that HBV exploits...
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Rapid identification of full-length genome and tracing variations of monkeypox virus in clinical specimens based on mNGS and amplicon sequencing
February 2024
The monkeypox virus (MPXV) has triggered a current outbreak globally. Genome sequencing of MPXV and rapid tracing of genetic variants will benefit disease diagnosis and control. It is a significant...
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Transmission restriction and genomic evolution co-shape the genetic diversity patterns of influenza A virus
Available online 27 February 2024
Influenza A virus (IAV) shows an extensive host range and rapid genomic variations, leading to continuous emergence of novel viruses with significant antigenic variations and the potential for cross-species...
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The evolution, pathogenicity and transmissibility of quadruple reassortant H1N2 swine influenza virus in China: A potential threat to public health
April 2024
Swine are regarded as “intermediate hosts” or “mixing vessels” of influenza viruses, capable of generating strains with pandemic potential. From 2020 to 2021, we conducted surveillance on swine H1N2...
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Ferroptosis contributes to JEV-induced neuronal damage and neuroinflammation
February 2024
Ferroptosis is a newly discovered prototype of programmed cell death (PCD) driven by iron-dependent phospholipid peroxidation accumulation, and it has been linked to numerous organ injuries and degenerative...
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C1QTNF5 is a novel attachment factor that facilitates the entry of influenza A virus
April 2024
Influenza A virus (IAV) binds sialic acid receptors on the cell surface to enter the host cells, which is the key step in initiating infection, transmission and pathogenesis. Understanding the factors...
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A multiple-target mRNA-LNP vaccine induces protective immunity against experimental multi-serotype DENV in mice
October 2022
Dengue virus (DENV) is a mosquito-borne virus with a rapid spread to humans, causing mild to potentially fatal illness in hundreds of millions of people each year. Due to the large number of serotypes...
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Pangolin HKU4-related coronaviruses found in greater bamboo bats from southern China
December 2023
Coronavirus (CoV) spillover originating from game animals, particularly pangolins, is currently a significant concern. Meanwhile, vigilance is urgently needed for coronaviruses carried by bats, which...
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Phosphorylation of PB2 at serine 181 restricts viral replication and virulence of the highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza virus in mice
February 2024
Influenza A virus (IAV) continues to pose a pandemic threat to public health, resulting a high mortality rate annually and during pandemic years. Posttranslational modification of viral protein plays...
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Classifying hepatitis B therapies with insights from covalently closed circular DNA dynamics
February 2024
The achievement of a functional cure for chronic hepatitis B (CHB) remains limited to a minority of patients treated with currently approved drugs. The primary objective in developing new anti-HBV drugs...
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The diversity and evolution of retroviruses: Perspectives from viral “fossils”
February 2022
Retroviruses exclusively infect vertebrates, causing a variety of diseases. The replication of retroviruses requires reverse transcription and integration into host genomes. When infecting germline...
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HIF-1α promotes virus replication and cytokine storm in H1N1 virus-induced severe pneumonia through cellular metabolic reprogramming
February 2024
The mortality of patients with severe pneumonia caused by H1N1 infection is closely related to viral replication and cytokine storm. However, the specific mechanisms triggering virus replication and...
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