State of China's climate in 2022
November 2023
China experienced a warm and dry climate in 2022. The average annual surface air temperature (SAT) was 10.51°C, which was the second highest since 1961. The annual average rainfall was 606.1 mm, which...
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3D DBSCAN detection and parameter sensitivity of the 2022 Yangtze river summertime heatwave and drought
July 2023
Spatially and temporally accurate event detection is a precondition for exploring the mechanisms of climate extremes. To achieve this, a classical unsupervised machine learning method, the DBSCAN (Density-Based...
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Deep learning in extracting tropical cyclone intensity and wind radius information from satellite infrared images—A review
July 2023
Tropical cyclones (TCs) seriously endanger human life and the safety of property. Real-time monitoring of TCs has been one of the focal points in meteorological studies. With the development of space...
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U-Net: A deep-learning method for improving summer precipitation forecasts in China
July 2023
A deep-learning method named U-Net was applied to improve the skill in forecasting summer (June–August) precipitation for at a one-month lead during the period 1981–2020 in China. The variables of geopotential...
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Prediction of ENSO using multivariable deep learning
July 2023
A novel multivariable prediction system based on a deep learning (DL) algorithm, i.e., the residual neural network and pure observations, was developed to improve the prediction of the El Niño–Southern...
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Multi-model ensemble forecasting of 10-m wind speed over eastern China based on machine learning optimization
September 2023
Wind substantially impacts human activity and electricity generation. Thus, accurately forecasting the short-term wind speed is of profound societal and economic significance. Based on 100 weather stations...
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Causes of the record-low Antarctic sea-ice in austral summer 2022
November 2023
The Antarctic sea-ice area reached a record minimum during austral summer 2022 (December 2021 to February 2022), with particularly considerable loss in the West Antarctic. Based on lead–lag correlation...
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More extreme-heat occurrences related to humidity in China
September 2023
The co-occurrence of day and night compound heat extremes has attracted much attention because of the amplified socioeconomic and human health impacts. Based on ERA5 hourly reanalysis data, this study...
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Assessment of global meteorological, hydrological and agricultural drought under future warming based on CMIP6
January 2022
Quantifying the changes and propagation of drought is of great importance for regional eco-environmental safety and water-related disaster management under global warming. In this study, phase 6 of...
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A machine learning approach to quality-control Argo temperature data
July 2023
A machine learning approach is proposed to identify temperature outliers from Argo float profiles as a complementary procedure to current Argo quality control. A machine learning unsupervised classification...
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Distinct impacts of two kinds of El Niño on precipitation over the Antarctic Peninsula and West Antarctica in austral spring
September 2023
Based on multiple reanalysis data, the authors investigated the distinct impacts of central Pacific (CP) and eastern Pacific (EP) El Niño events on precipitation over West Antarctica and the Antarctic...
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The ocean response to climate change guides both adaptation and mitigation efforts
July 2022
The ocean's thermal inertia is a major contributor to irreversible ocean changes exceeding time scales that matter to human society. This fact is a challenge to societies as they prepare for the consequences...
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The Tibetan Plateau bridge: Influence of remote teleconnections from extratropical and tropical forcings on climate anomalies
Available online 5 July 2023
Recent advances in the bridging roles played by the Tibetan Plateau (TP) are reviewed in terms of the remote influence of circulation anomalies over the North Atlantic Ocean on Asian monsoon and El...
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Enhanced atmospheric phosphorus deposition in Asia and Europe in the past two decades
September 2021
Image, graphical abstract...
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Multimodel ensemble projection of photovoltaic power potential in China by the 2060s
September 2023
China's demand for solar energy has been growing rapidly to meet energy transformation targets. However, the potential of solar energy is affected by weather conditions and is expected to change under...
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Short-term wind speed forecasting bias correction in the Hangzhou area of China based on a machine learning model
July 2023
Accurate wind speed forecasting is of great societal importance. In this study, the short-term wind speed forecasting bias at automatic meteorological stations in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China,...
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Subseasonal transition of Barents–Kara sea-ice anomalies in winter related to the reversed warm Arctic–cold Eurasia pattern
September 2023
Subseasonal reversal of the warm Arctic–cold Eurasia pattern (WACE) could trigger an extreme cold/warm transition in winter and sandstorms in spring over eastern China. An associated subseasonal transition...
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Wave forecast in the Atlantic Ocean using a double-stage ConvLSTM network
July 2023
Accurate forecasting of ocean waves is of great importance to the safety of marine transportation. Despite wave forecasts having been improved, the current level of prediction skill is still far from...
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State of China's Climate in 2020
July 2021
This report is a summary of China's climate, as well as major weather and climate events, during 2020. In 2020, the mean air temperature in China was 10.25°C, which was 0.7°C above normal (1981–2010...
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A generative adversarial network–based unified model integrating bias correction and downscaling for global SST
Available online 22 August 2023
This paper proposes a global sea surface temperature (SST) bias correction and downscaling unifying model based on the generative adversarial network. The generator of the model uses a bias correction...
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Impacts of the extratropical North Pacific on boreal summer Arctic circulation
September 2023
A distinct characteristic of the Arctic summer atmospheric circulation is the anomalous anticyclonic circulation centered over the Arctic Ocean associated with significant Arctic warming. Previous studies...
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A deep learning–based U-Net model for ENSO-related precipitation responses to sea surface temperature anomalies over the tropical Pacific
July 2023
SST–precipitation feedback plays an important role in ENSO evolution over the tropical Pacific and thus it is critically important to realistically represent precipitation-induced feedback for accurate...
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Predicting climate anomalies: A real challenge
January 2022
In recent decades, the damage and economic losses caused by climate change and extreme climate events have been increasing rapidly. Although scientists all over the world have made great efforts to...
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A spatiotemporal 3D convolutional neural network model for ENSO predictions: A test case for the 2020/21 La Niña conditions
July 2023
Many coupled models are unable to accurately depict the multi-year La Niña conditions in the tropical Pacific during 2020–22, which poses a new challenge for real-time El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO)...
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Enhanced seasonality of surface air temperature over China during the mid-Holocene
September 2023
Using all available simulations performed by climate models participating in PMIP4 (Paleoclimate Modelling Intercomparison Project – Phase 4), the authors quantify the seasonality change of surface...
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