Multi-objective optimization of spatial morphology for highrise residential buildings in cold-climate regions of China
June 2026
In response to demands for improved living standards and sustainable development, optimizing the spatial morphology of residential districts is crucial for reducing energy use and enhancing indoor environmental...
An analytical study of Chinese urban cemeteries based on urban morphology and spatial vitality: Case studies in Nanjing
June 2026
Under the dual influences of traditional Life-Death views and four decades of urban expansion, urban cemeteries, as unique elements of urban form, have transformed, inevitably impacting land planning...
Spatial structure and accessibility of urban parks: A multi-scale integration of GIS and space syntax in Xi'an
June 2026
Urban parks are critical for ecological sustainability, residents' well-being, and spatial equity. Using Xi'an, China, as a case study, this paper integrates park POI, census, and street network data...
Disconnects and synergies: A review of engineering and social science approaches to studying occupant window behaviour in office building
June 2026
To reduce carbon emissions and mitigate climate change, energy-efficient buildings are essential. Natural ventilation, facilitated by occupant-controlled windows, is an effective solution. In naturally...
How does the TOD pattern affect urban tourism vitality? Insights from Nanjing based on land use and urban form
June 2026
A transit-oriented development (TOD) pattern important for alleviating urban traffic congestion and enhancing the intensive use of land. It is also a key factor for promoting the sustainable development...
The lifecycle of railway stations and its effect on property prices: Empirical evidence from Japan
June 2026
This study investigates the nonlinear relationship between real estate prices and the age of railway stations using a hedonic price model and Generalized Additive Models. By drawing parallels between...
Rethinking the landscape perception of traditional built environment from the perspective of depth
June 2026
The traditional built environments are inevitably affected by globalization and digitalization, with homogenization gradually becoming their hallmark. Perception studies can enhance the understanding...
Provincial interpretations and regional diversification dynamics in the classical period of Ottoman architecture: The case of Vezirhan Köprülü Mehmet Pasha Mosque
June 2026
This study investigates the transformation of Ottoman classical-period mosque architecture as it moved from its centralized, geometrically codified form in 16th–17th century Istanbul to the Anatolian...
Ritual, Ceremony, Dwelling: A function-space analysis of Iranian columned Halls from Hasanlu to Pasargadae (1300–540 BC)
June 2026
This study aimes to investigate the influence of function on the space organization of columned halls in ancient Iran, from the earliest examples at Hasanlu to Pasargadae (1300‒540 BC). The main questions...
Rethinking the basic plan types of architecture
June 2026
The types of architectural plan determine the overall style of a building and the efficiency of its internal functions, making it one of the core issues in architectural research. Previous research...
The construction wisdom and inheritance mechanism of human settlements unit in Xizang border in China: A case study of Kejia Village in Ali
June 2026
In view of the characteristics of small scale and sparse distribution of Xizang border settlements, and the weak ability of suitability inheritance of traditional construction experience, the concept...
Nonlinear effects of built environment perception and objective features on street vitality in historic districts
June 2026
Historical districts face dual pressures of preserving cultural heritage and sustaining socioeconomic vitality, yet many suffer declining street vitality due to homogenized commercialization or limited...
Definition of the architectural style metric: An approach to quantitative analysis of design using language-image model
June 2026
This study proposes Architectural Style Metrics (ASM), a CLIP (Contrastive Language-Image Pre-training)-based methodology for quantification of architectural design's visual characteristics. To address...
Assessing urban park services for children's wellbeing using user-generated content (UGC): A case study of Shanghai, China
June 2026
Urban parks play a crucial role in children's development. With UGC demonstrating their value in capturing granular user experiences, they have become an increasingly important data source in park research....
How to generate a museum floor plan: LoRA for diffusion models, or GANs?
June 2026
This study utilized a comparative methodology to explore the generative design of museum floor plans, addressing the complexity of meeting curatorial, designer, and visitor demands. A dataset of 263...
Generating floor plan diagrams using a self-organising adjacency graph
June 2026
In this study, we introduce a novel self-organising map algorithm-based approach to floor plan diagram generation. A graph distance function was used instead of the standard Euclidean distance, together...
Data-driven heritage revitalization: Exploring the paradigm of Lifen adaptive renovation evaluation based on space syntax
June 2026
Urban historical heritage conservation and adaptive reuse constitute a critical issue in urban renewal. Addressing the lack of effective evaluation tools for functional and spatial renovations of historical...
The spatial palimpsest of a mountainous frontier: Migration, vertical stratification, and the evolution of Shiping's traditional settlements
Available online 19 June 2026
Yunnan's traditional settlements, situated at the crossroads between inland China and mainland Southeast Asia, record long-term interactions among population mobility, institutions, and landscapes....
Quantifying homeliness: Bridging the semantic gap in China's elderly care facility design
Available online 18 June 2026
In response to global aging, creating “homeliness”-oriented elderly care facilities has become a core goal to improve the elderly’s quality of life and emotional attachment to the environment. However,...
Spatial segregation of gardens: Transport technology and class dynamics in Suzhou's urban evolution, 13th-20th centuries
Available online 17 June 2026
Urban garden distribution is often interpreted through urban form, yet similar spatial patterns may reflect different class power dynamics. Using the ancient city of Suzhou as a case study, this study...
Global analysis in 258 mid- and high-rise mass timber buildings: Structural classifications, core system, architectural design, and emerging practice
Available online 16 June 2026
A coherent understanding of structural systems and design principles behind tall mass timber buildings is still missing. This study focused on 258 finished mass timber projects worldwide. It examined...
From fiction to UGC: Intermedial production of nostalgia in urbanising China through multimodal embedding
Available online 16 June 2026
Media-driven destination making and the reconstruction of locality have become important topics in intermedial research. However, systematically tracing such intermedial transformations, especially...
Outdoor amenities in residential complexes: A comparative analysis of Pre-1990s and Post-1990s developments of Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
Available online 15 June 2026
The collapse of socialist planning in the early 1990s fundamentally reshaped urban development trajectories across post-socialist cities. In Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia, housing policy prioritized rapid residential...
Intuitive systems: Reinforcement learning-based generative experiments in architectural formation
Available online 15 June 2026
This paper proposes the Intuitive Systems framework, a reinforcement learning (RL)-based methodological approach for generative architectural design. Rather than treating RL as a post-optimization tool,...
MBHI: An explainable deep learning framework for interpreting multi-scale regional characteristics of built heritage from point clouds
Available online 15 June 2026
This paper introduces MBHI, an explainable approach designed for deep learning-based point cloud classification models, specifically adapted for the interpretation and preservation of multi-scale regional...