Principal modes of summer NDVI in eastern Siberia and its climate prediction schemes
November 2025
Based on a normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) dataset for 1982–2021, this work investigates the principal modes of interannual variability in summer NDVI over eastern Siberia using the year-to-year...
Application of orthogonal CNOP-I in a convection-allowing ensemble prediction system based on CMA-MESO for improving extreme precipitation skill
Available online 27 November 2025
Atmospheric motions are inherently nonlinear, and high-impact weather events are often associated with the rapid amplification of initial perturbations within such nonlinear flows. Ensemble prediction...
Limited change in typhoon intensity after crossing the Kuroshio Current based on statistical analysis
Available online 24 November 2025
This study statistically investigates the impact of the Kuroshio Current (KC) on tropical cyclone (TC) intensity using 239 TC cases (1980–2023) in the Northwest Pacific. Two complementary methods are...
Influence of the meridional displacement of the North African–West Asian jet on the interannual variation of surface air temperature in June over central India
Available online 17 November 2025
It has been well documented that the land surface air temperature (SAT) over central India shows its largest interannual variability in June and can cause substantial socioeconomic impacts. This study...
Intelligent identification and prediction of wind turbine icing status by integrating wind chill temperature features and ensemble learning
Available online 17 November 2025
Icing of wind turbines in mountainous wind farms during winter poses a serious threat to the safe operation of power systems. However, due to the constraints of complex terrain and limited monitoring...
The role of North Pacific teleconnection in the sea level change of the Canadian Basin
Available online 17 November 2025
This study utilizes sea surface height (SSH) measurements from the CryoSat-2 satellite mission (2011–2020) to demonstrate the significant influence of the North Pacific Oscillation (NPO) on linking...
Response of precipitation extremes in South China to CO2 removal forcing
Available online 14 November 2025
The reversibility of precipitation and extreme precipitation under the CO2 removal scenario is critical for climate mitigation and adaptation. This investigation employs CMIP6 models to quantify responses...
Error correction of model analog forecasts using a linear inverse model for improving statistical ENSO prediction skill
Available online 14 November 2025
Accurately predicting El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) remains a central challenge in seasonal climate forecasting. Statistical approaches, such as the linear inverse model (LIM) and the model analog...
Divergent burned-area trends in Southern and Northern-Hemisphere Africa over the first half of the 21st century
Available online 11 November 2025
About 50 % of global biomass-burning carbon emissions result from wildfires, with approximately 70 % of the world’s wildfire burned area originating in Africa. This study applied machine learning models...
Response of the eastern Guangdong shelf to the sub-inertial oscillations induced by far-field Typhoon Khanun (2023): A Lagrangian perspective
Available online 7 November 2025
The destructive wind field of a typhoon can affect areas far from the typhoon and this impact is transmitted through coastal trapped waves (CTWs). CTWs are a common sub-inertial oscillation phenomenon...
The summer predictability barrier phenomena of symmetric and asymmetric Indian Ocean dipole events
Available online 3 November 2025
Predictions of Indian Ocean dipole (IOD) events often encounter the influence of the “summer predictability barrier” (SPB)—a phenomenon characterized by rapid prediction errors growth during the boreal...
Interannual variability of the summer precipitation over the East China Sea
Available online 27 October 2025
It is well-known that the East Asian subtropical rainy belt, stretching from the middle–lower reaches of the Yangtze River basin eastward to southern Japan, is modulated by the zonal shift of the western...
Unveiling remote and local drivers for the interdecadal shift of European hot days
Available online 24 October 2025
The accelerated warming in Europe leaves this region especially vulnerable to severe heatwaves. Previous investigations on heatwaves have focused predominantly on long-term trends, interannual variability,...
Symmetric inner and outer dynamics of Super Typhoon Lekima (2019) during its size expansion
Available online 23 October 2025
In this work, simulation data of Super typhoon Lekima (2019) produced by the Weather Research and Forecasting model are analyzed to study its symmetric inner and outer dynamics during its size expansion....
Thunderstorms without tropopause penetration in Central Africa produce cloud-top jet events
Available online 21 October 2025
Using multi-satellite observations, the authors examined 20 upward discharge events from thunderstorms (15 blue jets (BJs)/blue starters (BSs) and 5 gigantic jets (GJs)) observed by ISUAL (Imager of...
Classification and mechanisms for different types of marine heatwaves in the western Indian Ocean during the past three decades
Available online 17 October 2025
Marine heatwaves (MHWs) in the western Indian Ocean (WIO) have become more intense and frequent since the 1990s, but the underlying mechanisms driving different types of MHWs have not yet been investigated....
A novel stepwise regression method for predicting September Pan-Arctic sea-ice extent: Comparison with long short-term memory neural networks
Available online 17 October 2025
Accurately forecasting the Pan-Arctic sea-ice extent (SIE) in September is crucial for understanding climate change impacts and ensuring safe Arctic navigation. This study introduces the SWR DY-method,...
Tibetan Plateau darkening exacerbates summer heatwaves through land–atmosphere feedbacks
Available online 17 October 2025
The Tibetan Plateau (TP) has experienced significant surface darkening under global warming, concurrent with an increase in TP heatwave occurrences in recent decades. Using reanalysis data, the authors...
Quantitative attribution analysis of dynamical and radiative processes to the record-breaking western Russian heatwave
Available online 16 October 2025
A record-breaking heatwave struck western Russia in summer 2010, accompanied by the warmest surface temperature anomalies during 1980–2022. Utilizing an updated climate feedback-response analysis method,...
Improved prediction skill of winter cold extremes in eastern China from autumntime phase reversal of Kuroshio Extension SST anomalies
Available online 16 October 2025
Accurately predicting wintertime cold extremes in China is vital for energy management and disaster preparedness. To the best of our knowledge, multiple tropical and mid–high latitude precursors have...
A rain effect elimination approach using FengYun-3E WindRAD dual-frequency measurements
Available online 13 October 2025
Satellite scatterometers play a vital role in providing sea surface wind observations and can help to understand air–sea interaction. The wind radar (WindRAD) mounted on FengYun-3E (FY-3E) with Ku and...
Improving hail nowcasting using multi-source data and a WMHDA-enhanced DIFF-Transformer
Available online 3 October 2025
HailPre is a deep learning framework developed for accurate 60-minute hail nowcasting at 10-minute intervals, tailored for regions with complex terrain and imbalanced hail event distributions. It integrates...
Impact of deforestation on precipitation extremes in China based on land use model intercomparison project models
September 2025
Deforestation has a significant influence on the hydrological cycle. Understanding the impact of deforestation on precipitation extremes is crucial for addressing global environmental challenges. This...
Skillful bias correction of offshore near-surface wind field forecasting based on a multi-task machine learning model
September 2025
Accurate short-term forecast of offshore wind fields is still challenging for numerical weather prediction models. Based on three years of 48-hour forecast data from the European Centre for Medium-Range...
Subseasonal impact of extreme Tibetan Plateau snow cover on the local atmosphere in summer
September 2025
Due to the high elevation and cold climate of the Tibetan Plateau, the western region retains extensive snow cover during the summer, which can exhibit rapid variability over the course of just a few...