Atorvastatin and glucocorticoid therapy for retroclival epidural hematoma: Case report and literature review
April 2026
Retroclival epidural hematomas (REDH) are particularly rare conditions. We report for the first time the effect of conservative treatment of this rare condition with atorvastatin and glucocorticoids...
Truncated Metabotropic glutamate receptor 1 worsens long-term neurological outcomes in a rat model of subarachnoid hemorrhage
Available online 28 April 2026
Truncation of mGluR1 occurs in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) patients, but the effect of truncated mGluR1 on brain injury is still unclear. This study aims...
The therapeutic potential of baicalin for stroke
Available online 4 April 2026
Despite rapid advances in modern medicine, stroke remains a life-threatening neurological emergency and a leading cause of death and disability worldwide. Stroke is broadly classified into ischemic...
Pathophysiology and treatment approaches for perihematomal edema following spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhages
Available online 3 April 2026
To summarize the involvement of perihematomal edema (PHE) in the progression of spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (sICH) correlated with the clinical outcome under systematic, structured review....
Effectiveness of clazosentan in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: A 12-year multicenter real-world study
Available online 31 March 2026
Outcomes of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) remain poor. This study aimed to investigate changes in outcomes before and after the introduction of an endothelin A receptor antagonist clazosentan...
Atrous-based CBAM-Unet framework for intracranial hemorrhage segmentation and volume calculation with grading using CT images
February 2026
Intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) is a leading cause of death following trauma, often resulting from traumatic brain injury (TBI) when not promptly evaluated and treated within the first 24 hours. Quantitative...
Pituitary apoplexy following heart surgery: a comprehensive review of the literature
February 2026
Pituitary apoplexy (PA) is a clinical syndrome characterized by abrupt infarction or hemorrhage of the hypophysis, typically within a pituitary adenoma. Heart surgery, particularly with the use of cardiopulmonary...
Research progress on risk stratification warning models for early hematoma expansion and poor outcome in intracerebral hemorrhage: A narrative review
February 2026
This review explores recent advances in risk stratification systems for early hematoma expansion (HE), focusing on predictive models using CTA, NCCT, radiomics, and artificial intelligence to enhance...
mGluR1 characteristic in cerebrospinal fluid of patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage
February 2026
Glutamate receptor-mediated excitotoxicity plays crucial role in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH). Truncation of metabotropic glutamate receptor 1 (mGluR1) is a key step in excitotoxicity,...
Integrated network pharmacology reveals the mechanisms of punicalagin in cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases treatment
February 2026
Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, including coronary artery disease (CAD), myocardial infarction (MI), carotid atherosclerosis (CAS), and cerebral ischemic stroke (CIS), continue to impose...
The role of PGC-1α in brain injury: mechanisms and therapeutic potential
February 2026
Brain injury remains a significant contributor to mortality and long-term neurological disability worldwide, despite ongoing research efforts to develop effective therapies that can mitigate secondary...
Simultaneous bilateral basal ganglia hemorrhage: case report and literature review
February 2026
To present a rare case of symmetric hemorrhages in the bilateral basal ganglia with unique imaging findings and discuss potential pathophysiological mechanisms....
Application of “three-in-one” technique in spontaneous supratentorial intracerebral hemorrhage with cerebral herniation
Available online 5 February 2026
Spontaneous supratentorial intracerebral hemorrhage (SSICH) with cerebral herniation has extremely high mortality rate and poor prognosis. Rapid and sufficient decompression is of great significance...
Neural decoding for EEG-BCI: from conventional machine learning to deep learning models
Available online 12 January 2026
Brain–computer interfaces (BCIs) decode neural signals to support alternative communication for individuals with motor and speech impairments, including severe speech disorders. We review EEG-BCI decoding...
The impact of body-mass-index on functional outcomes and bleeding volumes in patients suffering spontaneous intracerebral haemorrhage
December 2025
The association between obesity and clinical as well as radiological outcomes in patients suffering spontaneous intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH) remains unclear. The obesity paradox suggests a protective...
Novel middle meningeal artery-targeted mini-craniotomy incision and technique for treatment of chronic subdural hematoma with membranes/septations – technical note and case series
December 2025
Subdural hematomas (SDH) requiring surgery are associated with significant morbidity in elderly patients. We describe a novel technique/incision for minimizing invasiveness and duration, minimizing...
The role of D-dimer in intracerebral haemorrhage outcomes
December 2025
Activation of the coagulation and fibrinolysis system is a significant factor in secondary brain injury following spontaneous intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH). However, the relationships between plasma...
Application and future directions of brain-computer interfaces in neurological disorders: Technological advances, clinical practices, and challenges
December 2025
Brain-Computer Interfaces (BCIs) represent an innovative frontier in technology, establishing a direct link between the brain and external devices. This rapidly evolving field is increasingly recognized...
Tongji Biobank: A High-Quality Repository Integrating Multi-Dimensional Biomedical Data
December 2025
With the advancement of biotechnology and computer technology, life sciences and medical data have grown rapidly, and research paradigms have undergone revolutionary changes. Biomedical and clinical...
IRRAflow active irrigation and drainage system: A glimpse into the future of cerebrospinal fluid shunts
December 2025
Chronic hydrocephalus after subarachnoid hemorrhage may become inevitable, necessitating a permanent cerebrospinal fluid shunt. We report a 40-year-old woman with SAH and a CHESS score of 6. We implemented...
Zero-shot multi-modal large language models v.s. supervised deep learning: A comparative analysis on CT-based intracranial hemorrhage subtyping
December 2025
Comparison of responses from six multi-modal large language models on a random case, which illustrates a fracture in the patient’s left skull due to trauma, with subdural hemorrhage (SDH) evident in...
Impact of pre-existing neuroendocrine tumors on brain tissue compliance following intracerebral hemorrhage in old spontaneously hypertensive rats
December 2025
Conditions associated with mass effect, such as intracranial tumors and hemorrhagic stroke (intracerebral hemorrhage; ICH), disrupt intracranial pressure (ICP) regulation by exhausting the brain’s compliance...
Targeting mitochondrial NOX4/ROS to prevent hyperglycemia-induced hemorrhagic transformation after mechanical thrombectomy in acute ischemic stroke
December 2025
This study examines whether mitochondrial NOX4 (mtNOX4) plays a crucial role in hemorrhagic transformation (HT) after mechanical thrombectomy (MT) in acute ischemic stroke (AIS)....
Robot-Assisted surgery for primary brainstem Hemorrhage: A systematic review and Meta-Analysis
December 2025
This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the efficacy and safety of robot-assisted surgery for primary brainstem hemorrhage (PBSH)....
A study on the relationship between the severity of leukoaraiosis and post-thrombolytic hemorrhage in acute cerebral infarction thrombolysis patients
Available online 30 December 2025
This study aims to investigate the relationship between the severity of leukoaraiosis and post-thrombolytic intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) in patients with acute cerebral infarction undergoing thrombolytic...
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