Hepatocellular carcinoma recurrence: Predictors and management
December 2023
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the sixth most common cancer globally, is associated with high mortality rates and more than 830,000 annual deaths. Despite advances in the available management options...
Portal vein tumor thrombosis in hepatocellular carcinoma patients: Is it the end?
September 2024
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the sixth most prevalent form of cancer globally and the third leading cause of cancer-related mortality. The incidence of portal vein tumor thrombosis (PVTT) in HCC...
Current status and new directions for hepatocellular carcinoma diagnosis
December 2024
Liver cancer ranks as the sixth most common cancer globally, with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) accounting for approximately 75%–85% of cases. Most patients present with moderately advanced disease,...
Similarities and differences between biliary sludge and microlithiasis: Their clinical and pathophysiological significances
December 2018
The terms biliary sludge and cholesterol microlithiasis (hereafter referred to as microlithiasis) were originated from different diagnostic techniques and may represent different stages of cholesterol...
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease development: A multifactorial pathogenic phenomena
June 2022
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), characterized by the accumulation of excessive intrahepatic fat, is a leading metabolic disorder also considered as the hepatic manifestation of metabolic...
Hepatitis B virus as a risk factor for hepatocellular carcinoma: There is still much work to do
June 2024
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a significant health problem that can result in progression to liver cirrhosis, decompensation, and the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). On a country...
In-depth analysis of de novo lipogenesis in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: Mechanism and pharmacological interventions
December 2023
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is characterized by the abnormal buildup of lipids in the liver tissue. Non-alcoholic fatty liver (NAFL) may progress to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. Triglycerides...
Viral hepatitis E: Clinical manifestations, treatment, and prevention
March 2024
Hepatitis E is a globally distributed infection that varies in seroprevalence between developed and developing regions. In the less developed regions of Asia and Africa, a high seropositivity rate has...
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: Dietary and nutraceutical approaches
September 2023
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), defined as the presence of fat accumulation in imaging or histology in more than 5% of hepatocytes and exclusion of other causes for secondary hepatic fat...
Up to date on cholesterol 7 alpha-hydroxylase (CYP7A1) in bile acid synthesis
June 2020
Cholesterol 7 alpha-hydroxylase (CYP7A1, EC1.14) is the first and rate-limiting enzyme in the classic bile acid synthesis pathway. Much progress has been made in understanding the transcriptional regulation...
Application of mesenchymal stem cells in liver fibrosis and regeneration
December 2024
Liver transplantation remains the most effective treatment for end-stage liver disease (ESLD), but it is fraught with challenges such as immunosuppression, high risk and cost, and donor shortage. In...
Kupffer cells: Orchestrators of liver physiology
June 2026
As the central metabolic organ, the liver coordinates fundamental biological processes through its specialized cellular architecture and regulatory networks, encompassing metabolism, immunity, and regeneration....
Cigarette smoking and alcohol-related liver disease
December 2024
China is a major consumer of alcohol and tobacco. Tobacco and alcohol use are closely linked, with up to 90% of alcoholics having a history of tobacco use, and heavy smokers also tending to be alcoholics....
Clinical perspectives of isoniazid-induced liver injury
June 2021
Isoniazid (INH) is a synthetic anti-mycobacterial agent used to treat active or latent tuberculosis (TB). INH has been in clinical use for nearly 70 years and remains broadly utilized at the front line...
New drug therapies for metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis
June 2025
The prevalence of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) has rapidly increased world-wide to 30%, with increasing of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and obesity in last two decades....
Iron metabolism in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A promising therapeutic target
December 2022
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become the most common cause of chronic liver disease worldwide, and is closely associated with the increased risk of the prevalence of obesity and diabetes....
Portopulmonary hypertension: Current developments and future perspectives
March 2022
Portopulmonary hypertension (POPH) is a severe pulmonary vascular disease secondary to portal hypertension and a subset of Group 1 pulmonary hypertension (PH). The pathological changes of POPH are indistinguishable...
Hepatitis B virus integration and hepatocarcinogenesis
September 2025
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is the most common cause of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), which is the predominant liver cancer type in Southeast Asia. Approximately 350 million individuals suffer from persistent...
From bench to bedside: Molecular mechanisms, diagnostic tools, and therapeutic strategies in liver fibrosis
June 2026
Liver fibrosis is a key pathological process in the progression of chronic liver disease toward cirrhosis and liver failure. The development of liver fibrosis is closely related to a variety of etiologies,...
Bile acid signaling, metabolism, and aging
March 2026
Bile acids (BAs) serve not only as key facilitators of lipid absorption but also as crucial signaling molecules regulating glucose and lipid metabolism, inflammation, and overall energy homeostasis....
Pyrrolizidine alkaloids: An update on their metabolism and hepatotoxicity mechanism
December 2019
Pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) are among the most hepatotoxic natural compounds that are widely distributed throughout the world. Most PAs are metabolically activated to trigger toxicity. Exposure to...
Evolving B-mode ultrasound-based techniques for assessing metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: Now and beyond
June 2026
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) has emerged as the leading cause of chronic liver disease worldwide, coinciding with the growing burden of obesity and type 2 diabetes...
Unveiling the effect of estrogen receptors in alcoholic liver disease: A novel outlook
December 2023
Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) has a multifaceted development, progressing from alcoholic steatosis to alcoholic hepatitis and ultimately to alcoholic cirrhosis, irreversible liver damage that can even...
Endoplasmic reticulum stress and liver diseases
March 2019
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress occurs when ER homeostasis is perturbed with accumulation of unfolded/misfolded protein or calcium depletion. The unfolded protein response (UPR), comprising of inositol-requiring...
Vitamins and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A molecular insight
June 2021
The incidence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is rising rapidly across the globe. NAFLD pathogenesis is largely driven by an imbalance in hepatic energy metabolism, and at present, there...